Sailing Ships

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The Rock Doctor

Old-School Heel

Posts: 5,310

Monday, July 23rd 2012, 5:12pm

Sailing Ships

What's the protocol for designing one in SS? I'm contemplating having Peru pick up a sailing sloop for training purposes, but can not yet sim it.

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Brockpaine

The Shadow

Posts: 15,109

Monday, July 23rd 2012, 7:20pm

RE: Sailing Ships

Quoted

Originally posted by The Rock Doctor
What's the protocol for designing one in SS? I'm contemplating having Peru pick up a sailing sloop for training purposes, but can not yet sim it.

We've determined in previous discussions that you want to add about 10% to 15% of the displacement for rigging - spars, masts, sails, and other associated gear.

Additionally, I tend to sim my sail-training ships with an engine and extensive range. This is used to represent deep-stowed ballast to retain the ship's measure of stability. It would theoretically be better to use miscellaneous weight, but SS2 assigns all miscellaneous weight above deck level. That makes it perfect for things such as masts or radars, but not ballast.

When I design sailing ships (and I think I've probably designed the majority of sailing ships posted on this forum), there are several factors which Springsharp doesn't address:
- Speed under sail. I design the ship's engine for no more than 10-12 knots, but speed under sail depends on the rig of the ship, what sails are being used, the weather conditions, the trim of the ship, etc. In general, square-rigged ships tend to be faster than fore-and-aft rigged ships (schooners) when they're sailing downwind - anywhere between 12-18 knots. Fore-and-aft rigged ships in good conditions can make 10-14 knots. Going into the wind, the fore-and-aft rigged ships can obviously sail at closer angles to the wind, however. In most cases, I've tried to sim real-world sailing ships and just borrow their performance specs quite liberally.
- Overall length. Springsharp doesn't allow for things like bowsprits. I generally design the ship by waterline length and use the angle of the ship's bow to take me out to the point where the bowsprit meets the main part of the hull. Then I just make a notation for the additional length of the bowsprit.

For particularly small craft, I just find a historical exemplar and just use the specs, as shown below with Chile's American-built Luders 44 training yawls.

Quoted

[SIZE=3]"Navy 44" Training Yawl (Blanca Estela-class)[/SIZE]
Designer: Luders Marine Construction Company
Length (o/a): 44 feet
Length (w/l): 30 feet
Beam: 10 feet
Draft: 6 feet
Mast Height: 52 feet 3 inches
Displacement: 23,400 lbs (10.45 tons)
Sail Area: 980 ft²
Notes: Mahongany-hulled wooden yacht designed in 1939 by Luders Marine Construction Company in the United States.

Here's an example of a small sailing ship I put together in SS2 for Wes.

Quoted

Originally posted by thesmilingassassin
Atlantean Brig Nemu

Displacement:
183 t light; 189 t standard; 279 t normal; 350 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
100.00 ft / 100.00 ft x 19.50 ft x 10.00 ft (normal load)
30.48 m / 30.48 m x 5.94 m x 3.05 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 31 shp / 23 Kw = 6.00 kts
Range 55,000nm at 6.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 161 tons

Complement:
33 - 44

Cost:
£0.037 million / $0.147 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1 tons, 0.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 147 tons, 52.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 95 tons, 34.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 35 tons, 12.6 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1,623 lbs / 736 Kg = 15.0 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 3.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 0.6 ft / 0.2 m
Roll period: 10.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.500
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.13 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 10.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 24 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 35
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 9.61 ft / 2.93 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 6.14 ft / 1.87 m
- Mid (50 %): 6.14 ft / 1.87 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 6.14 ft / 1.87 m
- Stern: 6.14 ft / 1.87 m
- Average freeboard: 6.41 ft / 1.95 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 16.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 44.2 %
Waterplane Area: 1,249 Square feet or 116 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 760 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 63 lbs/sq ft or 310 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 2.14
- Longitudinal: 12.12
- Overall: 2.55
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Range 2,000nm at 6.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 8 tons

153 tons of ballast simmed as bunker fuel.

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