WesWorld

The Kovarniy Class Fleet Submarine has a very long range, making it suitable for wide-ranging missions.



Kovarniy Class Fleet Submarine, laid down 1912
     Length, 50.0 m x Beam, 6.7 m x Depth, 4.5 m
          684 tonnes normal displacement (603 tonnes standard)
     Main battery:       1 x  5.7-cm
     Light battery:      1 x  3.7-cm
          Weight of broadside: 3 kg
     6 TT, 45.0 cm (submerged)
     Hull unarmored
     Operational depth - 123 m/402 ft
     Emergency depth - 196m/643 ft
     Crush depth - 306m/1005 ft
     Maximum speed for 1000 shaft kw = 15.00 knots
          Approximate cruising radius, 5000 nm / 10 knots
     Typical complement: 34-44

                    Estimated cost, $115,000 (£29,000)
          Remarks:
     Caution: lacks seaworthiness -- very limited seakeeping ability.
     Caution: Very cramped ship with excessively poor habitability;
     lacks suitable working space.
     Oil firing.
     Ship has quick, 'lively' roll; not a steady gun platform.

          Distribution of weights:
                                                       Percent
                                                       normal
                                                    displacement:
          Armament .........................      1 tonnes =   0 pct
          Machinery ........................     53 tonnes =   8 pct
          Hull and fittings; equipment .....    434 tonnes =  64 pct
          Fuel, ammunition, stores .........     95 tonnes =  14 pct
          Miscellaneous weights ............    100 tonnes =  15 pct
                                              -----
                                                684 tonnes = 100 pct
          Estimated metacentric height, 0.2 m
     Displacement summary:
          Light ship:               589 tonnes
          Standard displacement:    603 tonnes
          Normal service:           684 tonnes
          Full load:                746 tonnes
          Loading submergence 198 tonnes/metre
     +++++++++++++++++++++++++

     Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
          Relative margin of stability: 1.19
          Shellfire needed to sink: 164 kg = 63.9 x 5.7-cm shells
               (Approximates weight of penetrating
               shell hits needed to sink ship,
               not counting critical hits)
          Torpedoes needed to sink: 0.2
               (Approximates number of 'typical'
               torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
          Relative steadiness as gun platform, 1 percent
               (50 percent is 'average')
          Relative rocking effect from firing to beam, 0.00
          Relative quality as a seaboat: 0.00
     +++++++++++++++++++++++++

     Hull form characteristics:
          Block coefficient: 0.45
          Sharpness coefficient: 0.35
          Hull speed coefficient 'M' = 5.69
          'Natural speed' for length = 12.8 knots
          Power going to wave formation
               at top speed: 50 percent

     Estimated hull characteristics and strength:
          Relative underwater volume absorbed by
               magazines and engineering spaces: 102 percent
          Relative accommodation and working space: 1 percent

          Displacement factor: 320 percent
               (Displacement relative to loading factors)

          Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 3.98
               (Structure weight per square
               metre of hull surface: 605 kg)
          Relative longitudinal hull strength: 4.42
               (for 0.03 m average freeboard;
               freeboard adjustment -2.67 m)
          Relative composite hull strength: 4.02
     +++++++++++++++++++++++++

[Machine-readable parameters: Spring Style v. 1.2.1]
164.00 x 21.98 x 14.76; 0.10 -- Dimensions
0.45 -- Block coefficient
1912 -- Year laid down
15.00 / 5000 / 10.00; Oil-fired turbine or equivalent -- Speed / radius / cruise
100 tons -- Miscellaneous weights
++++++++++
1 x 2.24; 0 -- Main battery; turrets
  Central positioning of guns
   :
0 -- No secondary battery
0 -- No tertiary (QF/AA) battery
1 x 1.46 -- Fourth (light) battery
6 / 6 / 17.72 -- TT / submerged / size
++++++++++
0.00 -- No belt armor
0.00 / 0.00 -- Deck / CT
0.00 -- No battery armor

     (Note: For portability, values are stored in Anglo-American units)

     +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Outstanding characteristic of Bars class is her long range.

Bars class, Russian Fleet Submarine laid down 1932

Displacement:
913 t light; 942 t standard; 1,286 t normal; 1,561 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
196.85 ft / 196.85 ft x 27.40 ft x 17.39 ft (normal load)
60.00 m / 60.00 m x 8.35 m x 5.30 m

Armament:
1 - 3.94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 37.48lbs / 17.00kg shells, 1932 Model
Dual purpose gun in deck mount
on centreline forward
1 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns in single mounts, 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1932 Model
Anti-aircraft gun in deck mount
on side amidships
1 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1932 Model
Machine gun in deck mount
on side aft
1 - 0.30" / 7.6 mm guns in single mounts, 0.01lbs / 0.00kg shells, 1932 Model
Machine gun in deck mount
on centreline amidships
Weight of broadside 39 lbs / 18 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
8 - 20.9" / 530 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion generators plus batteries,
Electric motors, 1 shaft, 1,869 shp / 1,394 Kw = 15.00 kts
Range 39,900nm at 8.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 619 tons

Complement:
53 - 69

Cost:
£0.196 million / $0.783 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 4 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 55 tons, 4.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 539 tons, 41.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 373 tons, 29.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 315 tons, 24.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
477 lbs / 217 Kg = 15.6 x 3.9 " / 100 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.01
Metacentric height 0.7 ft / 0.2 m
Roll period: 13.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 0 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.480
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.19 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 14.03 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
- Stern: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
- Average freeboard: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 116.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 0.0 %
Waterplane Area: 3,380 Square feet or 314 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 281 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 102 lbs/sq ft or 500 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 2.73
- Longitudinal: 2.77
- Overall: 2.74
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor
Ship has quick, lively roll, not a steady gun platform
Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability


23,700nm at 10.00 kts
15,000 nm at 12 kts

Operational depth - 274 ft/84 m
Emergency depth - 438 ft/134 m
Crush depth - 685 ft/209 m

Delfin class, Russian Fleet Submarine laid down 1941

Displacement:
923 t light; 953 t standard; 1,171 t normal; 1,346 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
196.97 ft / 196.85 ft x 28.22 ft x 16.40 ft (normal load)
60.04 m / 60.00 m x 8.60 m x 5.00 m

Armament:
1 - 3.94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 37.48lbs / 17.00kg shells, 1941 Model
Dual purpose gun in deck mount
on centreline forward
1 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns in single mounts, 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1941 Model
Anti-aircraft gun in deck mount
on centreline amidships
1 - 0.55" / 14.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.08lbs / 0.04kg shells, 1941 Model
Machine gun in deck mount
on centreline aft, 1 raised gun
Weight of broadside 39 lbs / 18 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 300
6 - 20.9" / 530 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion generators plus batteries,
Electric motors, 1 shaft, 3,597 shp / 2,684 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 29,000nm at 8.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 393 tons

Complement:
99 - 130

Cost:
£0.303 million / $1.211 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 4 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 95 tons, 8.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 554 tons, 47.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 249 tons, 21.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 270 tons, 23.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
603 lbs / 274 Kg = 19.8 x 3.9 " / 100 mm shells or 0.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
Metacentric height 0.8 ft / 0.3 m
Roll period: 13.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 2 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.450
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.98 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 14.03 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 0.33 ft / 0.10 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 0.33 ft / 0.10 m
- Mid (50 %): 0.33 ft / 0.10 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 0.33 ft / 0.10 m
- Stern: 0.33 ft / 0.10 m
- Average freeboard: 0.33 ft / 0.10 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 101.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 2.1 %
Waterplane Area: 3,376 Square feet or 314 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 238 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 108 lbs/sq ft or 527 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 2.84
- Longitudinal: 2.90
- Overall: 2.85
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor
Ship has quick, lively roll, not a steady gun platform
Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

195 tons ballast
8 tons sonar
10 tons snorkel
32 tons torpedo reloads (12 fwd, 4 aft)
25 tons mines

5,800nm @ 15 kts
10,800nm @ 12kts
17,100nm @ 10 kts
29,00nm @ 8 kts