Image originally by Wes/thesmilingassassin and heavily modified by me.
Constitucion, Chilean Heavy Cruiser laid down 1936
As refitted in 1948.
Displacement:
18,976 t light; 19,940 t standard; 22,778 t normal; 25,049 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
756.06 ft / 721.50 ft x 68.00 ft (Bulges 74.00 ft) x 27.10 ft (normal load)
230.45 m / 219.91 m x 20.73 m (Bulges 22.56 m) x 8.26 m
Armament:
9 - 10.00" / 254 mm guns (3x3 guns), 550.00lbs / 249.48kg shells, 1936 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
12 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (6x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1936 Model
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread
6 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm guns in single mounts, 13.23lbs / 6.00kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (6x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
4 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (1x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount
on centreline aft, all raised guns - superfiring
Weight of broadside 5,888 lbs / 2,671 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 7.50" / 191 mm 517.81 ft / 157.83 m 11.50 ft / 3.51 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 110 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
1.00" / 25 mm 514.00 ft / 156.67 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.50" / 216 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 131,589 shp / 98,166 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,109 tons
Complement:
926 - 1,205
Cost:
£9.237 million / $36.948 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 680 tons, 3.0 %
Armour: 5,599 tons, 24.6 %
- Belts: 1,827 tons, 8.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 494 tons, 2.2 %
- Armament: 1,245 tons, 5.5 %
- Armour Deck: 1,980 tons, 8.7 %
- Conning Tower: 52 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 3,692 tons, 16.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,730 tons, 38.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,803 tons, 16.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 275 tons, 1.2 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
32,350 lbs / 14,674 Kg = 64.7 x 10.0 " / 254 mm shells or 4.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
Metacentric height 3.5 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 16.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.80
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.25
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.551
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.75 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.54 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 46
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 50.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Mid (50 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Stern: 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Average freeboard: 24.94 ft / 7.60 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 110.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 154.0 %
Waterplane Area: 35,681 Square feet or 3,315 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 122 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 142 lbs/sq ft or 692 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.53
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Breakdown of Weights (194
:
- 50 tons for two ENAER Coati SN1E seaplanes
- 90 tons for Electronics Suite (dated 1943)
- 25 tons for floatplane catapult
- 55 tons for HVAC and other crew comforts (movie theatre projectors, ice cream machines, etc)
- 55 tons for squadron flagship facilities and combat management center
Total extra weight - 275 tons
Electronics:
- SAGEM DRBV-11 Moselle PA search radar (1 radar, 15 tons)
- Sisdef Type 104.1 "Cactus/5" sentry radar (1 radar, 10 tons)
- Sisdef Type 300.2g "Pehuén" main battery fire-control radars (2 radars, 15 tons)
- Sisdef Type 301.3.2 "Boldo" secondary battery fire-control radars (2 radars, 10 tons)
- Sisdef Type 103.1 "Nalca" navigational surface and air search radar (1 radar, 2 tons)
- SAGEM HF/DF (5 tons)
- Sisdef SPR-48P Passive (Rochelle Salt) Hydrophones (2 primary, 2 secondary, 10 tons)
- Sisdef SPR-48A Active Hydrophones (2 primary, 2 secondary, 5 tons)
- M47.2g Gunnery Computer for 254mm guns (10 tons)
- M47 Gunnery Computer for 130mm guns (5 tons)
- Radar jammer/detector (2 units, 3 tons)
1948 Refit:
- The original tertiary armament - the 1936-dated 3" AA guns - were removed and replaced with 1948-dated 75mm AA guns. (Somewhere I accidentally switched over from an English to a metric design - so I'm going to go with the theory that the 75mm gun is actually an updated mount with better rate-of-fire and elevation capabilities.)
- The ship's electronics were updated. A French Moselle PA search dradis and a Cactus/5 sentry dradis replaced older surface-search and air-search sets. The "Pehuén" main battery fire-control sets were upgraded from the Type 300.0 to the Type 300.2g. The Type 301.1.4 Boldo secondary battery FC sets were upgraded to the Type 301.3.2 models. The ship's hydrophones were also updated.
- As part of the dradis refit, the tripod spotting tops that I loved so much were lost, and replaced by a very similar mast to the one used on the
Latorre class cruisers.
- The floatplane complement was reduced to two aircraft (down from three) in order to offset topweight from new electronics.
- Refurbishment of internal fittings.
* * * * *
Constitucion, Chilean Heavy Cruiser laid down 1936
As refitted in 1943.
Displacement:
18,975 t light; 19,940 t standard; 22,778 t normal; 25,049 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
756.06 ft / 721.50 ft x 68.00 ft (Bulges 74.00 ft) x 27.10 ft (normal load)
230.45 m / 219.91 m x 20.73 m (Bulges 22.56 m) x 8.26 m
Armament:
9 - 10.00" / 254 mm guns (3x3 guns), 550.00lbs / 249.48kg shells, 1936 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
12 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (6x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1936 Model
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread
6 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (6x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
4 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (1x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount
on centreline aft, all raised guns - superfiring
Weight of broadside 5,890 lbs / 2,672 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 7.50" / 191 mm 517.81 ft / 157.83 m 11.50 ft / 3.51 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 110 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
1.00" / 25 mm 514.00 ft / 156.67 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.50" / 216 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 131,589 shp / 98,166 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,109 tons
Complement:
926 - 1,205
Cost:
£9.239 million / $36.957 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 680 tons, 3.0 %
Armour: 5,599 tons, 24.6 %
- Belts: 1,827 tons, 8.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 494 tons, 2.2 %
- Armament: 1,245 tons, 5.5 %
- Armour Deck: 1,980 tons, 8.7 %
- Conning Tower: 52 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 3,692 tons, 16.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,729 tons, 38.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,803 tons, 16.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 275 tons, 1.2 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
32,341 lbs / 14,669 Kg = 64.7 x 10.0 " / 254 mm shells or 4.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
Metacentric height 3.5 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 16.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.81
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.25
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.551
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.75 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.54 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 46
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 50.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Mid (50 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Stern: 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Average freeboard: 24.94 ft / 7.60 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 110.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 154.0 %
Waterplane Area: 35,681 Square feet or 3,315 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 122 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 142 lbs/sq ft or 692 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.53
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Breakdown of Weights:
75 tons for 3x ENAER Coati SN1E seaplanes
35 tons for catapult
15 tons for air-conditioning and heating
15 tons for crew comforts, movie theatre, and ice cream machines
10 tons for fresh water makers
50 tons for squadron flagship facilities
75 tons for Type A-43 Electronics Suite
Total extra weight - 275 tons
Range Notes:
Range 2,130nm at 33.00 kts
Range 2,789nm at 30.00 kts
Range 3,713nm at 27.00 kts
Range 5,038nm at 24.00 kts
Range 7,001nm at 21.00 kts
Range 10,032nm at 18.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Range 23,910nm at 12.00 kts
* * * * *
Constitución, Chilean Heavy Cruiser laid down 1936
This heavy cruiser is intended for the defense of her carrier cousin,
Libertad, which will be laid down January 1st, 1938.
Constitución and
Libertad will be built on the same hull with the same machinery, and as many of the same technical specifications as possible in order to permit interchangeability of parts.
Constitución was laid down October 1936 and will complete in January 1939, finishing her trials by July of that year. Compared to the
Capitan Oyama-class she is smaller and less expensive, with a similar armament of nine triple-mounted 10"/54cal guns and fourteen twin 130mm DP secondaries. Torpedoes are included in her design in the event of her use as a raider, or the need to launch fish in defense of the carrier. The emphasis in
Constitución's design has always been making her a good companion for her carrier cousin, leading to her nickname of "the geisha cruiser".
The Cousins both have some features which bear note. Range is high, as Chilean ships may be called to navigate from Antarctic Circle to the Equator nonstop; the ships are also expected to fuel up the shorter-endurance destroyers intended to support them. Additionally, the Chilean Navy will make possibly its first experiment into building vessels equipped with a bulbous bow. The two ships both carry their own ice-cream makers and movie theatre equipment, with the ice-cream makers being large enough to permit production and distribution to the destroyers and cruisers assigned to the CVTF. Movie theatre equipment is also added.
Constitution and
Libertad will also be equipped with high-end heating and air-conditioning units to permit more comfortable operations in both the tropic and arctic regions Chile regularly deploys to.
Both ships also feature integrated air- and surface-search radars (acquired via FAR allies) and the
Constitución will have space set aside for radar-directed fire control.
Displacement:
18,955 t light; 19,931 t standard; 22,769 t normal; 25,039 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
756.06 ft / 721.50 ft x 68.00 ft (Bulges 74.00 ft) x 27.10 ft (normal load)
230.45 m / 219.91 m x 20.73 m (Bulges 22.56 m) x 8.26 m
Armament:
9 - 10.00" / 254 mm guns (3x3 guns), 550.00lbs / 249.48kg shells, 1936 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
2 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (1x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1936 Model
Dual purpose guns in a deck mount with hoist
on centreline aft, all raised guns - superfiring
12 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (6x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1936 Model
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread
6 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (6x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Weight of broadside 6,016 lbs / 2,729 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 7.50" / 191 mm 517.81 ft / 157.83 m 11.50 ft / 3.51 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 110 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
1.00" / 25 mm 514.00 ft / 156.67 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.50" / 216 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 131,589 shp / 98,166 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,109 tons
Range:
Range 2,130nm at 33.00 kts
Range 2,789nm at 30.00 kts
Range 3,713nm at 27.00 kts
Range 5,038nm at 24.00 kts
Range 7,001nm at 21.00 kts
Range 10,032nm at 18.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Range 23,910nm at 12.00 kts
Complement:
926 - 1,204
Cost:
£9.304 million / $37.217 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 696 tons, 3.1 %
Armour: 5,605 tons, 24.6 %
- Belts: 1,827 tons, 8.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 494 tons, 2.2 %
- Armament: 1,252 tons, 5.5 %
- Armour Deck: 1,980 tons, 8.7 %
- Conning Tower: 52 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 3,691 tons, 16.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,793 tons, 38.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,814 tons, 16.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 170 tons, 0.7 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
32,310 lbs / 14,655 Kg = 64.6 x 10.0 " / 254 mm shells or 4.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
Metacentric height 3.5 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 16.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.82
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.25
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.551
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.75 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.54 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 46
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 50.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Mid (50 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Stern: 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Average freeboard: 24.94 ft / 7.60 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 110.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 149.2 %
Waterplane Area: 35,673 Square feet or 3,314 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 122 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 143 lbs/sq ft or 697 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.53
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Breakdown of Weights:
Air search radar - 20 tons
Surface search radar - 20 tons
Radar-assisted fire control - 30 tons
2 Seaplanes - 50 tons
Catapult - 35 tons
Air conditioning/Heating - 10 tons
Crew Comforts, movie theatre, ice cream machines - 5 tons
Total extra weight - 170 tons
Electronics:
- 1x YPSBM (Atlantean) Surface Search Y-Range. Designation name
"Mainsail."
- 1x YPTBM (Atlantean) Air Search Y-Range. Designation name
"Moonraker."
- Type IA3 Fire Control Computer. Designation name
"Sorcery." Controls 10"/L54 main battery guns.
- Type 1B1 Fire Control Computer. Designation name
'Clear Sky." Controls 130mm/L40 and 3"/L65 AA guns.
Ships in Class:
-
Constitución (BC-03) - 1936
Officially-Acknowledged Specifications:
- Length: 220m waterline
- Beam: 22m
- Draft: 9m
- Displacement: 15,000 tons standard
- Speed: 30 knots
- Armament: 9x10" BL; 12x5.12" DP
- Armour: 6" belt, 7" turrets, 2" deck
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