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Aircraft Carriers
PA - Portaaviones (Aircraft Carrier)
PAL - Portaaviones Ligero (Light Aircraft Carrier)
PAF - Portaaviones, Formación (Aircraft Carrier, Training)
PAGA - Portaaviones, Guerra Antisubmarina (Aircraft Carrier, Antisubmarine Warfare)

Libertad-class Fleet Carrier
- Libertad (PA-02) - 1938

Chiloe-class Training/Escort Carrier
- Chiloe (PAF-03) - 1938

Patria-class Fleet Carrier
- Patria (PA-04) - 1944

Image by Wes/thesmilingassassin and modified by me.

CNS Libertad, Chilean Fleet Carrier laid down 1938
In early 1935 the Armada de Chile began a program to investigate replacement of the obsolescent predreadnought battleships Constitucion and Libertad. Initially, the Navy proposed a pair of 9x13.4"-gunned battlecruisers or a second pair of Capitan Oyama-class armoured cruisers, but the Naval Design Board proposed instead a fast fleet carrier and a matched heavy cruiser, with the carrier to build on the operational experience of Chile's Atlantean-built carrier Mapuche. A number of designs were proposed, but the designs for the Libertad had not been finished when the cruiser Constitucion was laid down. In 1937, further experience from the Peruvian War prompted the Armada's leadership to approve a much larger carrier than they first proposed. This larger carrier would include a high maximum speed, a large air wing, good vertical and anti-torpedo protection, and dedicated fleet flagship facilities.

The Libertad's size was driven in part by the expectation of the increasing size and capability of naval aircraft. The ship was equipped with Austral naval turbines and turboelectric drives which powered four five-blade propellers. In addition, a pair of Voith-Schneider propellers were installed in retractable pods under the bow. Voith-Schneider propellers could direct thrust in any direction almost instantaneously, and they were designed to substantially increase the handling of the ship during low-speed, intricate maneuvers such as docking.



Libertad, Chilean Fleet Carrier laid down 1938 (Engine 1949)
As refitted.

Displacement:
25,566 t light; 26,430 t standard; 29,428 t normal; 31,826 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
846.90 ft / 804.00 ft x 84.00 ft (Bulges 88.00 ft) x 28.00 ft (normal load)
258.14 m / 245.06 m x 25.60 m (Bulges 26.82 m) x 8.53 m

Armament:
16 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (8x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1938 Model
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
48 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (12x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
32 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm guns (8x4 guns), 0.24lbs / 0.11kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Weight of broadside 1,174 lbs / 532 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 400

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Ends: Unarmoured

- Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
2.00" / 51 mm 561.00 ft / 170.99 m 28.00 ft / 8.53 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armour deck: 3.50" / 89 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 147,441 shp / 109,991 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,396 tons

Complement:
1,123 - 1,460

Cost:
£8.551 million / $34.205 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 147 tons, 0.5 %
Armour: 4,428 tons, 15.0 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,162 tons, 3.9 %
- Armament: 96 tons, 0.3 %
- Armour Deck: 3,087 tons, 10.5 %
- Conning Tower: 82 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 3,565 tons, 12.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 9,927 tons, 33.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,862 tons, 13.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 7,500 tons, 25.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
51,727 lbs / 23,463 Kg = 771.7 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 7.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
Metacentric height 4.7 ft / 1.4 m
Roll period: 17.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.14
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.86

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.520
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.14 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 32.51 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 38
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 50.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 36.00 ft / 10.97 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Mid (50 %): 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Stern: 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Average freeboard: 31.29 ft / 9.54 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 94.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 248.2 %
Waterplane Area: 47,679 Square feet or 4,430 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 145 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 124 lbs/sq ft or 607 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.94
- Longitudinal: 1.72
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights (1949 Refit):
- 6561 tons: Airgroup of 81 prop planes (Room for 90 planes) or 54 jets
- 90 tons: Electronics Suite (dated 1949)
- 120 tons: crew comforts (HVAC, movie theatre equipment, ice cream machines, etc)
- 90 tons: flag bridge
- 200 tons: two steam catapults and associated gear
- 300 tons: damage control systems, fireproof partitions, etc
- 39 tons: two forward Voith-Schneider maneuvering shafts
- 100 tons: aircraft workshop
Total: 7500 tons

1948-1949 Refit:
- Engines replaced with 1949 models.
- Steam catapults replace original hydraulic catapults.
- Most electronics updated or replaced with more modern equivalents.
- Significant increase in damage control equipment
12783 tons to refit; 17.3 months



CNS Libertad, Chilean Fleet Carrier laid down 1938
As originally designed.

Displacement:
25,275 t light; 26,140 t standard; 29,428 t normal; 32,058 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
846.90 ft / 804.00 ft x 84.00 ft (Bulges 88.00 ft) x 28.00 ft (normal load)
258.14 m / 245.06 m x 25.60 m (Bulges 26.82 m) x 8.53 m

Armament:
16 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (8x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1938 Model
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
48 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (12x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
32 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm guns (8x4 guns), 0.24lbs / 0.11kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Weight of broadside 1,174 lbs / 532 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 400

Aircraft:
- 36 Spartan/FMA/ENAER I-02 fighters
- 36 ENAER Alicanto bombers
- 9 other aircraft

Armour:
- Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
2.00" / 51 mm 561.00 ft / 170.99 m 28.00 ft / 8.53 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armour deck: 3.50" / 89 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 147,448 shp / 109,996 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,918 tons

Complement:
1,123 - 1,460

Cost:
£8.867 million / $35.468 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 147 tons, 0.5 %
Armour: 4,428 tons, 15.0 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,162 tons, 3.9 %
- Armament: 96 tons, 0.3 %
- Armour Deck: 3,087 tons, 10.5 %
- Conning Tower: 82 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 4,037 tons, 13.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 9,908 tons, 33.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,153 tons, 14.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 6,756 tons, 23.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
50,604 lbs / 22,954 Kg = 754.9 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 6.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.14
Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 16.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.14
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.87

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.520
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.14 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 32.51 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 38
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 50.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 36.00 ft / 10.97 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Mid (50 %): 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Stern: 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Average freeboard: 31.29 ft / 9.54 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 248.2 %
Waterplane Area: 47,679 Square feet or 4,430 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 144 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 124 lbs/sq ft or 605 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.94
- Longitudinal: 1.71
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
Weight for 81 planes: 6561 tons (Room for 90 planes)
Suite C-41 command and electronics suite: 70 tons
Air conditioning/Heating - 10 tons
Crew Comforts, movie theatre, ice cream machines - 10 tons
Flag Bridge - 90 tons
Other gear - 15 tons
(195 tons non-aircraft)
6741 total

Electronics:
- Type 101 Mainsail-II surface search dradis
- Type 102 Cactus surface/air search dradis
- Type 200 Moonraker air search dradis
- Type 301 Boldo fire-control dradis
- Mk41 Nevada Gunnery Computer
- Roth-389 Emergency Electrical Generator Set
- Type 600 Dinner Bell navigational beacon
- Air Wing Command facilities and communications

Ships in Class:
- Libertad (PA-02) - 1938

Officially-Acknowledged Specifications:
- Length: 225m waterline
- Beam: 22m
- Draft: 9m
- Displacement: 15,000 tons standard
- Speed: 30 knots
- Armament: 10x5.12" DP
- Aircraft: 48 planes

Image by thesmilingassassin and modified by me.

CNS Chiloe, Chilean Escort Carrier laid down 1938
During the early days of Chilean carrier operations, the Armada de Chile Arma Aérea was able to train most of its pilots using the Mapuche. However, the Andean War and the Peruvian War provided evidence that a carrier's air group could suffer rapid attrition during combat operations, and the Armada's leadership, intent on procuring the fleet carrier Libertad, pondered a number of different ideas about how to maintain a trained airgroup for their fleet. The AdCAA determined that carrier pilots required at-sea training, though this potentially conflicted with air operations on the Mapuche. The solution proposed by the AdCAA and the Armada's "Brownshoe Club", approved at the height of the 1937 war with Peru, authorized a third carrier to be converted from a fast merchant vessel, to serve as a full-time carrier pilot training vessel for the Armada de Chile and the Armada de Chile Arma Aérea. This vessel would train pilots year-round, operating as a floating pilot academy for Chilean and allied pilots to practice their skills at sea.

The Armada de Chile selected the incomplete cargo/passenger ship Chiloe, which was designed to Chilean Merchant Marine (MARCOM) specifications as a member of the "PCm" or "Passenger Commander" type vessels. The Armada de Chile showed particular interested in the type as it featured a hull design optimized for nearly twenty-four knots, excellent range, and enough space to serve as an aircraft training ship. Chiloe's design was intended to be simple and relatively inexpensive, offering more utility at the cost of potential fighting power. In wartime, the ship would be capable of conducting light escort or antisubmarine operations, but would ideally continue to train carrier pilots for the carriers Mapuche and Libertad.

Displacement:
8,000 t light; 8,259 t standard; 11,178 t normal; 13,513 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
564.76 ft / 560.00 ft x 62.00 ft x 19.00 ft (normal load)
172.14 m / 170.69 m x 18.90 m x 5.79 m

Aircraft:
- 24 ENAER Coati-N trainer monoplanes

Armament:
1 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns in single mounts, 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1938 Model
Dual purpose gun in deck mount
on centreline forward
8 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns (4x2 guns), 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1938 Model
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
16 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (4x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 206 lbs / 94 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 250

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines plus diesel motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 31,301 shp / 23,350 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 18.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,253 tons

Complement:
543 - 706

Cost:
£2.376 million / $9.506 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 26 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 857 tons, 7.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,217 tons, 28.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,178 tons, 28.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 3,900 tons, 34.9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
19,833 lbs / 8,996 Kg = 295.9 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 2.7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
Metacentric height 3.2 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 14.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 60 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.02
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.82

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle
Block coefficient: 0.593
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.03 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.66 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 33
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m (18.00 ft / 5.49 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Stern: 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Average freeboard: 19.80 ft / 6.04 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 65.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 159.3 %
Waterplane Area: 25,229 Square feet or 2,344 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 192 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 84 lbs/sq ft or 409 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.01
- Longitudinal: 1.17
- Overall: 1.02
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
- 576 tons for 24 aircraft
- 424 tons for crated aircraft and parts
- 1000 tons for aviation repair shop
- 1,900 tons for training facilities, crew cabins, electronics (DRADIS?) etc.

Officially-Acknowledged Specifications:
- Length: 180m waterline
- Beam: 20m
- Draft: 6m
- Displacement: 10,000 tons standard
- Speed: 28 knots
- Armament: 6x5.12" DP
- Aircraft: 18 planes

Patria, Chilean Aircraft Carrier laid down 1944

Displacement:
20,000 t light; 20,714 t standard; 23,452 t normal; 25,642 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
820.21 ft / 771.00 ft x 78.74 ft x 24.28 ft (normal load)
250.00 m / 235.00 m x 24.00 m x 7.40 m

Armament:
8 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (4x2 guns), 67.03lbs / 30.40kg shells, 1944 Model
Automatic rapid fire guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
32 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (8x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.88kg shells, 1944 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
32 - 1.10" / 27.9 mm guns (8x4 guns), 0.67lbs / 0.30kg shells, 1944 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Weight of broadside 620 lbs / 281 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 650

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 1.18" / 30 mm 531.50 ft / 162.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 106 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.18" / 30 mm 531.50 ft / 162.00 m 24.61 ft / 7.50 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 0.98" / 25 mm 0.59" / 15 mm 0.59" / 15 mm
2nd: 0.59" / 15 mm 0.20" / 5 mm -
3rd: 0.59" / 15 mm 0.20" / 5 mm -

- Armour deck: 2.48" / 63 mm, Conning tower: 1.57" / 40 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines plus diesel motors,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 132,202 shp / 98,622 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,928 tons

Complement:
946 - 1,231

Cost:
£8.402 million / $33.609 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 91 tons, 0.4 %
Armour: 2,924 tons, 12.5 %
- Belts: 256 tons, 1.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 572 tons, 2.4 %
- Armament: 31 tons, 0.1 %
- Armour Deck: 2,037 tons, 8.7 %
- Conning Tower: 28 tons, 0.1 %
Machinery: 3,376 tons, 14.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,749 tons, 33.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,452 tons, 14.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 5,860 tons, 25.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
38,403 lbs / 17,419 Kg = 572.9 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 4.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 4.2 ft / 1.3 m
Roll period: 16.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 69 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.09
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.57

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.557
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.79 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 31.54 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 44
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 45.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 32.81 ft / 10.00 m
- Forecastle (25 %): 29.53 ft / 9.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Stern: 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Average freeboard: 27.81 ft / 8.48 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 105.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 240.8 %
Waterplane Area: 44,402 Square feet or 4,125 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 144 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 112 lbs/sq ft or 545 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.35
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Ships in Class:
- Patria: Laid down in Talcahuano, July 1944, completed December 1947.

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
- 5184 tons for 72 aircraft
- 200 tons for 8 crated aircraft and spares
- 200 tons for electronics and battle management center
- 200 tons for damage control gear and degaussing cables
- 26 tons for two forward retractable (electric) Voith-Schneider propellers
- 50 tons for crew creature comforts.

Aircraft Organization:
- Squadron A: 16 F4E Corsair fighters
- Squadron B: 16 F4E Corsair fighters
- Squadron C: 16 attack aircraft
- Squadron D: 16 torpedo bombers
- Half-Squadron E: 8 F4E Corsair night-fighters

Officially-Acknowledged Specifications:
- Length: 180m waterline
- Beam: 20m
- Draft: 6m
- Displacement: 10,000 tons standard
- Speed: 28 knots
- Armament: 6x5.12" DP
- Aircraft: 18 planes