Radar is clearly the way to go for surface and air search. Historically, the British were building their land-based air defense radar network in 1935, if I recall correctly. Anyone know when the first shipborne radars were deployed?
it seems gains in radar tech were made in 37 but by 1939 several country's had rudimentary radar systems on ships. The battle of britain was the first major use of radar that i can tell. Look at this site for info: http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/alabaster/A591545