WesWorld

1909, Quarto

Ships in class;

Quarto (97), Laid down 1909, refitted 1918, refit 1930 as Experimental weapons vessel



Quarto, Italian Esploratore laid down 1909

Displacement:
2,765 t light; 2,871 t standard; 3,284 t normal; 3,601 t full load
Loading submergence 312 tons/feet

Dimensions:
423.23 ft x 42.32 ft x 13.45 ft (normal load)
129.00 m x 12.90 m x 4.10 m

Armament:
6 - 130mm / 45 guns in 6 single mounts
6 - 3" / 40 QF guns in 6 single mounts
Weight of broadside 483 lbs / 219 kg
2 -450 mm above water torpedoes in 2 single mounts

Armour:
Main gun shields 0.79" / 20 mm
Armour deck 1.77" / 45 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 30,000 shp / 22,380 Kw = 28.45 kts
Range 4,200nm at 12.00 kts

Complement:
216 - 281

Cost:
£0.346 million / $1.382 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 60 tons, 1.8 %
Armour: 365 tons, 11.1 %
Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %, Armament: 8 tons, 0.2 %, Armour Deck: 358 tons, 10.9 %
Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %, Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,414 tons, 43.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 875 tons, 26.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 519 tons, 15.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 1.5 %

Metacentric height 3.0

Remarks:
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage & compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation & workspaces is adequate

Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Relative margin of stability: 1.58
Shellfire needed to sink: 1,379 lbs / 626 Kg = 20.6 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells
(Approx weight of penetrating shell hits needed to sink ship excluding critical hits)
Torpedoes needed to sink: 0.5
(Approx number of typical torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
Relative steadiness as gun platform: 52 %
(Average = 50 %)
Relative rocking effect from firing to beam: 0.11
Relative quality as seaboat: 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
Block coefficient: 0.477
Sharpness coefficient: 0.32
Hull speed coefficient 'M': 8.70
'Natural speed' for length: 20.57 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim: 50
(Maximise stabilty/flotation = 0, Maximise steadiness/seakeeping = 100)

Estimated hull characteristics & strength:
Underwater volume absorbed by magazines and engineering spaces: 155.0 %
Relative accommodation and working space: 119.3 %
(Average = 100%)
Displacement factor: 84 %
(Displacement relative to loading factors)
Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 0.70
(Structure weight / hull surface area: 49 lbs / square foot or 238 Kg / square metre)
Relative longitudinal hull strength: 0.84
(for 13.12 ft / 4.00 m average freeboard, freeboard adjustment 1.00 ft)
Relative composite hull strength: 0.71




RN Quarto after refit into experimental test vessel for A.B. 2 and new dual purpose mounting.

As refitted 1933

Displacement:
2,785 t light; 2,873 t standard; 3,284 t normal; 3,612 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
423.23 ft / 423.23 ft x 42.32 ft x 13.45 ft (normal load)
129.00 m / 129.00 m x 12.90 m x 4.10 m

Armament:
2 - 5.98" / 152 mm guns (1x2 guns), 99.21lbs / 45.00kg shells, 1909 Model
Dual purpose guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward
Weight of broadside 198 lbs / 90 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
2 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 5.31" / 135 mm 2.76" / 70 mm 3.94" / 100 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 29,966 shp / 22,355 Kw = 28.45 kts
Range 4,200nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 739 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
216 - 281

Cost:
£0.326 million / $1.303 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 27 tons, 0.8 %
Armour: 68 tons, 2.1 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 68 tons, 2.1 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,469 tons, 44.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,021 tons, 31.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 498 tons, 15.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 200 tons, 6.1 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1,538 lbs / 698 Kg = 14.4 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.42
Metacentric height 2.5 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 11.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.11
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.06

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.477
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.57 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18.04 ft / 5.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 18.04 ft / 5.50 m
- Mid (50 %): 18.04 ft / 5.50 m (9.84 ft / 3.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Stern: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Average freeboard: 13.94 ft / 4.25 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 157.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 126.8 %
Waterplane Area: 11,691 Square feet or 1,086 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 94 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 55 lbs/sq ft or 268 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.80
- Longitudinal: 1.03
- Overall: 0.82
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

1911, Nino Bixio Class

Ships in class;

Nino Bixio, Laid down 1911, Refitted 1918, Rebuilt 1932

Marsala, Laid down 1911, Refitted 1919, Rebuilt 1932




Nino Bixio, Italian Esploratore laid down 1911

Displacement:
2,716 t light; 2,827 t standard; 3,520 t normal; 4,061 t full load
Loading submergence 303 tons/feet

Dimensions:
442.91 ft x 42.65 ft x 15.42 ft (normal load)
135.00 m x 13.00 m x 4.70 m

Armament:
6 - 130mm/45 guns in 6 single mounts
6 - 3" / 40 QF guns in 6 single mounts
Weight of broadside 483 lbs / 219 kg
2 - 450 mm above water torpedoes in 2 single mounts

Armour:
Main gun shields 0.79" / 20 mm
Armour deck 1.57" / 40 mm

Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 3 shafts, 22,500 shp / 16,785 Kw = 26.50 kts
Range 8,000nm at 12.00 kts

Complement:
228 - 297

Cost:
£0.284 million / $1.135 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 60 tons, 1.7 %
Armour: 317 tons, 9.0 %
Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %, Armament: 8 tons, 0.2 %, Armour Deck: 309 tons, 8.8 %
Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %, Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 985 tons, 28.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,304 tons, 37.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 804 tons, 22.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 1.4 %

Metacentric height 2.6

Remarks:
Hull space for machinery, storage & compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation & workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Relative margin of stability: 1.43
Shellfire needed to sink: 3,999 lbs / 1,814 Kg = 59.7 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells
(Approx weight of penetrating shell hits needed to sink ship excluding critical hits)
Torpedoes needed to sink: 0.9
(Approx number of typical torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
Relative steadiness as gun platform: 66 %
(Average = 50 %)
Relative rocking effect from firing to beam: 0.13
Relative quality as seaboat: 1.31

Hull form characteristics:
Block coefficient: 0.423
Sharpness coefficient: 0.30
Hull speed coefficient 'M': 8.90
'Natural speed' for length: 21.05 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim: 50
(Maximise stabilty/flotation = 0, Maximise steadiness/seakeeping = 100)

Estimated hull characteristics & strength:
Underwater volume absorbed by magazines and engineering spaces: 105.8 %
Relative accommodation and working space: 110.3 %
(Average = 100%)
Displacement factor: 125 %
(Displacement relative to loading factors)
Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 1.00
(Structure weight / hull surface area: 70 lbs / square foot or 341 Kg / square metre)
Relative longitudinal hull strength: 1.26
(for 13.12 ft / 4.00 m average freeboard, freeboard adjustment 0.83 ft)
Relative composite hull strength: 1.02



Nino Bixio and Venezia classes of Esploratori undergo partial reconstructions in to Avviso Veloce.

New 135/45 mountings added. New 47mm AA mountings, 600mm torpedo tubes on the centreline. New boilers and engines of 50,000shp increase speed to 32knts. Bow remodelled. New ASW suite.

30ton=2xquadruple 47mm mounts
24ton=8x600mm torpedo tubes
10tons=D2bis sonar
7tons=Scariabombe Gatteschi
3tons=430mm projectors and towed torpedo

Venezia, Italian Esploratore laid down 1931

Displacement:
2,896 t light; 3,035 t standard; 3,505 t normal; 3,881 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
442.61 ft / 419.95 ft x 41.99 ft x 17.39 ft (normal load)
134.91 m / 128.00 m x 12.80 m x 5.30 m

Armament:
8 - 5.31" / 135 mm guns (4x2 guns), 70.55lbs / 32.00kg shells, 1931 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (2x4 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1931 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
4 - 0.98" / 25.0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 0.53lbs / 0.24kg shells, 1931 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 597 lbs / 271 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.36" / 60 mm 272.97 ft / 83.20 m 7.78 ft / 2.37 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.97" / 50 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
2nd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -

- Armour deck: 0.79" / 20 mm, Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 50,000 shp / 37,300 Kw = 32.18 kts
Range 6,900nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 846 tons

Complement:
227 - 296

Cost:
£1.601 million / $6.404 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 78 tons, 2.2 %
Armour: 415 tons, 11.9 %
- Belts: 207 tons, 5.9 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 36 tons, 1.0 %
- Armour Deck: 158 tons, 4.5 %
- Conning Tower: 14 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 1,426 tons, 40.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 901 tons, 25.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 609 tons, 17.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 2.1 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1,126 lbs / 511 Kg = 15.0 x 5.3 " / 135 mm shells or 0.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 12.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 57
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 27.89 ft / 8.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Mid (40 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Average freeboard: 16.93 ft / 5.16 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 151.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 86.2 %
Waterplane Area: 10,856 Square feet or 1,009 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 85 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 42 lbs/sq ft or 207 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.50
- Longitudinal: 1.58
- Overall: 0.56
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

1911, Venezia Class

Ships in class;

Venezia, Laid down 1911, refitted 1920, rebuilt 1932

Brindisi, Laid down 1911, refitted 1919, rebuilt 1932




Venezia, Italian Esploratore laid down 1911

Displacement:
2,624 t light; 2,718 t standard; 3,505 t normal; 4,120 t full load
Loading submergence 273 tons/feet

Dimensions:
419.95 ft x 41.99 ft x 17.39 ft (normal load)
128.00 m x 12.80 m x 5.30 m

Armament:
9 - 100mm / 50 guns in 9 single mounts
1 - 3" / 40 QF gun in 1 single mount
Weight of broadside 288 lbs / 131 kg
6 -450 mm above water torpedoes in 2 duple and 2 single mounts


Armour:
Belt 2.36" / 60 mm, ends unarmoured
Belts cover 134 % of normal area
Main gun shields 2.36" / 60 mm
Armour deck 0.79" / 20 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 30,000 shp / 22,380 Kw = 28.39 kts
Range 1,600nm at 24.00 kts

Complement:
227 - 296

Cost:
£0.310 million / $1.238 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 36 tons, 1.0 %
Armour: 438 tons, 12.5 %
Belts: 275 tons, 7.9 %, Armament: 24 tons, 0.7 %, Armour Deck: 139 tons, 4.0 %
Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %, Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,339 tons, 38.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 761 tons, 21.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 880 tons, 25.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 1.4 %

Metacentric height 2.5

Remarks:
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage & compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation & workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Relative margin of stability: 1.43
Shellfire needed to sink: 1,480 lbs / 671 Kg = 48.5 x 3.9 " / 100 mm shells
(Approx weight of penetrating shell hits needed to sink ship excluding critical hits)
Torpedoes needed to sink: 0.6
(Approx number of typical torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
Relative steadiness as gun platform: 70 %
(Average = 50 %)
Relative rocking effect from firing to beam: 0.08
Relative quality as seaboat: 1.04

Hull form characteristics:
Block coefficient: 0.400
Sharpness coefficient: 0.30
Hull speed coefficient 'M': 8.45
'Natural speed' for length: 20.49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
Trim: 67
(Maximise stabilty/flotation = 0, Maximise steadiness/seakeeping = 100)

Estimated hull characteristics & strength:
Underwater volume absorbed by magazines and engineering spaces: 133.3 %
Relative accommodation and working space: 76.6 %
(Average = 100%)
Displacement factor: 101 %
(Displacement relative to loading factors)
Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 0.65
(Structure weight / hull surface area: 44 lbs / square foot or 215 Kg / square metre)
Relative longitudinal hull strength: 0.83
(for 11.48 ft / 3.50 m average freeboard, freeboard adjustment -0.80 ft)
Relative composite hull strength: 0.66



Nino Bixio and Venezia classes of Esploratori undergo partial reconstructions in to Avviso Veloce.

New 135/45 mountings added. New 47mm AA mountings, 600mm torpedo tubes on the centreline. New boilers and engines of 50,000shp increase speed to 32knts. Bow remodelled. New ASW suite.

30ton=2xquadruple 47mm mounts
24ton=8x600mm torpedo tubes
10tons=D2bis sonar
7tons=Scariabombe Gatteschi
3tons=430mm projectors and towed torpedo

Venezia, Italian Esploratore laid down 1931

Displacement:
2,896 t light; 3,035 t standard; 3,505 t normal; 3,881 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
442.61 ft / 419.95 ft x 41.99 ft x 17.39 ft (normal load)
134.91 m / 128.00 m x 12.80 m x 5.30 m

Armament:
8 - 5.31" / 135 mm guns (4x2 guns), 70.55lbs / 32.00kg shells, 1931 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (2x4 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1931 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
4 - 0.98" / 25.0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 0.53lbs / 0.24kg shells, 1931 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 597 lbs / 271 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.36" / 60 mm 272.97 ft / 83.20 m 7.78 ft / 2.37 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.97" / 50 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
2nd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -

- Armour deck: 0.79" / 20 mm, Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 50,000 shp / 37,300 Kw = 32.18 kts
Range 6,900nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 846 tons

Complement:
227 - 296

Cost:
£1.601 million / $6.404 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 78 tons, 2.2 %
Armour: 415 tons, 11.9 %
- Belts: 207 tons, 5.9 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 36 tons, 1.0 %
- Armour Deck: 158 tons, 4.5 %
- Conning Tower: 14 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 1,426 tons, 40.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 901 tons, 25.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 609 tons, 17.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 2.1 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1,126 lbs / 511 Kg = 15.0 x 5.3 " / 135 mm shells or 0.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 12.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 57
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 27.89 ft / 8.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Mid (40 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Average freeboard: 16.93 ft / 5.16 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 151.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 86.2 %
Waterplane Area: 10,856 Square feet or 1,009 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 85 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 42 lbs/sq ft or 207 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.50
- Longitudinal: 1.58
- Overall: 0.56
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[SIZE=3]Withdrawn from service and scrapped Q4/1926[/SIZE]

Acona , Italian Cruiser laid down 1912

Displacement:
4,739 t light; 4,910 t standard; 5,359 t normal; 5,697 t full load
Loading submergence 348 tons/feet

Dimensions:
457.00 ft x 45.30 ft x 20.00 ft (normal load)
139.29 m x 13.81 m x 6.10 m

Armament:
7 – 6" / 45 guns in 7 single mounts
2 - 3" / 40 guns in 2 single mounts
6 – 7.62mm machine guns
Weight of broadside 760 lbs / 345 kg
2 - 450 mm above water torpedoes, 2 - 19.7" / 500 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
Belt 2.40" / 60 mm, upper belt 2.40" / 60 mm, end belts 2.40" / 60 mm
Belts cover 100 % of normal area
Main gun shields 3.00" / 76 mm, 2nd gun shields 2.00" / 50 mm
Armour deck 2.40" / 60 mm, Conning tower 3.90" / 100 mm

Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 36,555 shp / 27,270 Kw = 28.00 kts
Range 4,500nm at 12.00 kts

Complement:
313 - 407

Cost:
£0.462 million / $1.846 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 95 tons, 1.8 %
Armour: 1,198 tons, 22.4 %
Belts: 584 tons, 10.9 %, Armament: 48 tons, 0.9 %, Armour Deck: 541 tons, 10.1 %
Conning Tower: 26 tons, 0.5 %, Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,542 tons, 28.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,784 tons, 33.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 620 tons, 11.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 120 tons, 2.2 %

Metacentric height 1.7

Remarks:
Hull space for machinery, storage & compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation & workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Relative margin of stability: 1.05
Shellfire needed to sink: 4,240 lbs / 1,923 Kg = 41.3 x 5.9 " / 150 mm shells
(Approx weight of penetrating shell hits needed to sink ship excluding critical hits)
Torpedoes needed to sink: 0.9
(Approx number of typical torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
Relative steadiness as gun platform: 75 %
(Average = 50 %)
Relative rocking effect from firing to beam: 0.26
Relative quality as seaboat: 1.16

Hull form characteristics:
Block coefficient: 0.453
Sharpness coefficient: 0.31
Hull speed coefficient 'M': 7.98
'Natural speed' for length: 21.38 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
Trim: 64
(Maximise stabilty/flotation = 0, Maximise steadiness/seakeeping = 100)

Estimated hull characteristics & strength:
Underwater volume absorbed by magazines and engineering spaces: 114.0 %
Relative accommodation and working space: 108.8 %
(Average = 100%)
Displacement factor: 104 %
(Displacement relative to loading factors)
Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 0.95
(Structure weight / hull surface area: 78 lbs / square foot or 380 Kg / square metre)
Relative longitudinal hull strength: 1.53
(for 15.60 ft / 4.75 m average freeboard, freeboard adjustment 2.23 ft)
Relative composite hull strength: 1.00

Bari , Italian Cruiser laid down 1913

Displacement:
4,146 t light; 4,315 t standard; 4,728 t normal; 5,039 t full load
Loading submergence 317 tons/feet

Dimensions:
439.00 ft x 44.60 ft x 19.70 ft (normal load)
133.81 m x 13.59 m x 6.00 m

Armament:
8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns
2 - 3.00" / 76 mm guns
6 - 0.30" / 8 mm guns
Weight of broadside 891 lbs / 404 kg
2 - 19.7" / 500 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
Main gun shields 2.00" / 51 mm, 2nd gun shields 2.00" / 51 mm
Armour deck 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower 3.00" / 76 mm

Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 31,764 shp / 23,696 Kw = 27.50 kts
Range 4,300nm at 12.00 kts

Complement:
285 - 370

Cost:
£0.465 million / $1.862 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 111 tons, 2.4 %
Armour: 672 tons, 14.2 %
Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %, Armament: 38 tons, 0.8 %, Armour Deck: 616 tons, 13.0 %
Conning Tower: 18 tons, 0.4 %, Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,342 tons, 28.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,780 tons, 37.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 581 tons, 12.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 240 tons, 5.1 %

Metacentric height 1.9

Remarks:
Hull space for machinery, storage & compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation & workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Relative margin of stability: 1.13
Shellfire needed to sink: 3,882 lbs / 1,761 Kg = 35.9 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells
(Approx weight of penetrating shell hits needed to sink ship excluding critical hits)
Torpedoes needed to sink: 0.8
(Approx number of typical torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
Relative steadiness as gun platform: 69 %
(Average = 50 %)
Relative rocking effect from firing to beam: 0.31
Relative quality as seaboat: 1.37

Hull form characteristics:
Block coefficient: 0.429
Sharpness coefficient: 0.31
Hull speed coefficient 'M': 8.00
'Natural speed' for length: 20.95 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
Trim: 50
(Maximise stabilty/flotation = 0, Maximise steadiness/seakeeping = 100)

Estimated hull characteristics & strength:
Underwater volume absorbed by magazines and engineering spaces: 115.9 %
Relative accommodation and working space: 111.4 %
(Average = 100%)
Displacement factor: 105 %
(Displacement relative to loading factors)
Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 0.98
(Structure weight / hull surface area: 83 lbs / square foot or 404 Kg / square metre)
Relative longitudinal hull strength: 1.97
(for 16.00 ft / 4.88 m average freeboard, freeboard adjustment 2.96 ft)
Relative composite hull strength: 1.05




Bari, Italian Cruiser rebuilt 1925

Displacement:
3,238 t light; 3,327 t standard; 3,604 t normal; 3,826 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
452.89 ft / 439.63 ft x 44.62 ft x 16.08 ft (normal load)
138.04 m / 134.00 m x 13.60 m x 4.90 m

Armament:
4 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (2x2 guns), 70.55lbs / 32.00kg shells, 1913 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount
6 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (1x6 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1913 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount
on centreline amidships
Weight of broadside 292 lbs / 132 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 100
100mines @ 1 mt each

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.57" / 40 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
3rd: 0.39" / 10 mm - -

- Conning tower: 5.91" / 150 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 78,000 shp / 58,188 Kw = 37.45 kts
Range 2,000nm at 20.00 kts (Bunkerage = 499 tons)

Complement:
232 - 302

Cost:
£0.499 million / $1.997 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 35 tons, 1.0 %
Armour: 45 tons, 1.2 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 15 tons, 0.4 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 30 tons, 0.8 %
Machinery: 2,252 tons, 62.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 807 tons, 22.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 366 tons, 10.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 2.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
574 lbs / 260 Kg = 8.6 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.37
Metacentric height 2.6 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 11.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.16
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0.70

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.85 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.28 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 68 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 75
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 20.67 ft / 6.30 m
- Mid (40 %): 20.34 ft / 6.20 m (11.48 ft / 3.50 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
- Stern: 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
- Average freeboard: 15.31 ft / 4.67 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 211.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 146.7 %
Waterplane Area: 12,531 Square feet or 1,164 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 66 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 39 lbs/sq ft or 191 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.47
- Longitudinal: 0.93
- Overall: 0.50
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

[SIZE=3]Withdrawn from service and scrapped Q4/1926[/SIZE]

Taranto , Italian Cruiser laid down 1910

Displacement:
4,405 t light; 4,573 t standard; 5,213 t normal; 5,704 t full load
Loading submergence 339 tons/feet

Dimensions:
445.00 ft x 44.00 ft x 19.70 ft (normal load)
135.64 m x 13.41 m x 6.00 m

Armament:
7 - 6" / 45 guns in 7 single mounts
2 - 3" / 40 guns in 2 single mounts
6 – 7.62mm machine guns
Weight of broadside 760 lbs / 345 kg
2 - 450 mm above water torpedoes in 2 single mounts


Armour:
Belt 2.40" / 60 mm, upper belt 1.40" / 35 mm, end belts 2.40" / 60 mm
Belts cover 105 % of normal area
Main gun shields 2.00" / 51 mm, 2nd gun shields 1.00" / 25 mm
Armour deck 2.40" / 60 mm, Conning tower 3.90" / 100 mm

Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 31,655 shp / 23,615 Kw = 27.00 kts
Range 5,820nm at 12.00 kts

Complement:
306 - 398

Cost:
£0.430 million / $1.718 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 95 tons, 1.8 %
Armour: 1,075 tons, 20.6 %
Belts: 492 tons, 9.4 %, Armament: 31 tons, 0.6 %, Armour Deck: 526 tons, 10.1 %
Conning Tower: 25 tons, 0.5 %, Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,397 tons, 26.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,718 tons, 32.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 808 tons, 15.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 120 tons, 2.3 %

Metacentric height 1.6

Remarks:
Hull space for machinery, storage & compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation & workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Estimated overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Relative margin of stability: 1.05
Shellfire needed to sink: 5,065 lbs / 2,298 Kg = 49.3 x 5.9 " / 150 mm shells
(Approx weight of penetrating shell hits needed to sink ship excluding critical hits)
Torpedoes needed to sink: 1.0
(Approx number of typical torpedo hits needed to sink ship)
Relative steadiness as gun platform: 85 %
(Average = 50 %)
Relative rocking effect from firing to beam: 0.33
Relative quality as seaboat: 1.31

Hull form characteristics:
Block coefficient: 0.473
Sharpness coefficient: 0.32
Hull speed coefficient 'M': 7.85
'Natural speed' for length: 21.10 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
Trim: 65
(Maximise stabilty/flotation = 0, Maximise steadiness/seakeeping = 100)

Estimated hull characteristics & strength:
Underwater volume absorbed by magazines and engineering spaces: 103.8 %
Relative accommodation and working space: 110.8 %
(Average = 100%)
Displacement factor: 110 %
(Displacement relative to loading factors)
Relative cross-sectional hull strength: 0.95
(Structure weight / hull surface area: 77 lbs / square foot or 374 Kg / square metre)
Relative longitudinal hull strength: 1.61
(for 16.00 ft / 4.88 m average freeboard, freeboard adjustment 2.71 ft)
Relative composite hull strength: 1.00

1917, Leone Class

Ships in class;

Leone , Laid down 1917, Sold 1938

Panthera , Laid down 1917, Sold 1938

Tigre , Laid down 1917, Sold 1938






Panthera Class, Italian Scout Cruiser laid down 1917

Displacement:
2,382 t light; 2,486 t standard; 2,696 t normal; 2,864 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
404.74 ft / 393.70 ft x 39.70 ft x 15.09 ft (normal load)
123.37 m / 120.00 m x 12.10 m x 4.60 m

Armament:
6 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (3x2 guns), 70.55lbs / 32.00kg shells, 1917 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, majority aft, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (1x2 guns), 70.55lbs / 32.00kg shells, 1917 Model
Breech loading guns in a deck mount with hoist
on centreline amidships
2 - 0.54" / 13.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.08lbs / 0.04kg shells, 1917 Model
Machine guns in deck mounts
on side, all forward
Weight of broadside 565 lbs / 256 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
4 - 21.0" / 533 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.57" / 40 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -

- Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 50,000 shp / 37,300 Kw = 34.69 kts
Range 3,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 378 tons

Complement:
186 - 243

Cost:
£0.632 million / $2.528 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 67 tons, 2.5 %
Armour: 33 tons, 1.2 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 22 tons, 0.8 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 12 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 1,485 tons, 55.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 777 tons, 28.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 313 tons, 11.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 20 tons, 0.7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
553 lbs / 251 Kg = 8.2 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.33
Metacentric height 2.1 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 11.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.50
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0.85

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.92 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.97 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 66 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 59
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Mid (30 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (12.80 ft / 3.90 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 12.80 ft / 3.90 m
- Stern: 12.80 ft / 3.90 m
- Average freeboard: 15.35 ft / 4.68 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 197.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 118.8 %
Waterplane Area: 9,984 Square feet or 928 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 63 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 43 lbs/sq ft or 211 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.50
- Longitudinal: 1.46
- Overall: 0.56
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

1914, Aquila Class

Ships in class;

Aquila (95), Laid down 1914, scrapped 1931

Nibbio (96), Laid down 1914, scrapped 1931

Sparviero (95), Laid down 1914, scrapped 1931

Falco (95), Laid down 1914, scrapped 1931





Aquila , Italian Esploratori laid down 1914

Displacement:
1,653 t light; 1,738 t standard; 1,862 t normal; 1,960 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
334.84 ft / 328.08 ft x 32.81 ft x 14.76 ft (normal load)
102.06 m / 100.00 m x 10.00 m x 4.50 m

Armament:
5 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1914 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, majority aft, 1 raised mount aft
2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1914 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all aft
2 - 0.54" / 13.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.08lbs / 0.04kg shells, 1914 Model
Machine guns in deck mounts
on side, all forward
Weight of broadside 567 lbs / 257 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
4 - 17.7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.97" / 50 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -

- Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 38,500 shp / 28,721 Kw = 32.17 kts
Range 3,000nm at 12.00 kts (Bunkerage = 222 tons)

Complement:
141 - 184

Cost:
£0.324 million / $1.295 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 71 tons, 3.8 %
Armour: 38 tons, 2.0 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 29 tons, 1.5 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 9 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 978 tons, 52.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 522 tons, 28.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 208 tons, 11.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 45 tons, 2.4 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
310 lbs / 140 Kg = 2.9 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.14
Metacentric height 1.2 ft / 0.4 m
Roll period: 12.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.92
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0.81

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.410
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.11 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 67 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 62
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Mid (30 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m (9.84 ft / 3.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
- Stern: 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
- Average freeboard: 13.49 ft / 4.11 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 201.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 88.7 %
Waterplane Area: 6,666 Square feet or 619 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 51 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 39 lbs/sq ft or 189 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.50
- Longitudinal: 1.76
- Overall: 0.56
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

1924, Pisa Class

Ships in class;

Pisa, Laid down 1924, Converted to Aircraft Carrier 1937

Amalfi, Laid down 1924, Converted to Aircraft Carrier 1937

Marco Polo, Laid down 1924, Converted to Aircraft Carrier 1938

Agordat, Laid down 1924, Converted to Aircraft Carrier 1939

Coatit, Laid down 1924

Vettor Pisani, Laid down 1924

Giovanni Bausan, Laid down 1924




Pisa Class , Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1924

Displacement:
7,858 t light; 8,204 t standard; 9,511 t normal; 10,556 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
578.20 ft / 574.15 ft x 62.66 ft x 19.69 ft (normal load)
176.23 m / 175.00 m x 19.10 m x 6.00 m

Armament:
16 - 152mm/45 guns (4x4 guns), 110.23lbs / 50.00kg shells, 1924 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 65mm/17 guns in single mounts, 9.00lbs / 4.08kg shells, 1924 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
4 - 37mm guns (2x2 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1924 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 1,842 lbs / 835 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 3.94" / 100 mm 373.33 ft / 113.79 m 9.51 ft / 2.90 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 1.57" / 40 mm 1.97" / 50 mm

- Armour deck: 1.57" / 40 mm, Conning tower: 5.91" / 150 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 72,000 shp / 53,712 Kw = 30.92 kts
Range 5,000nm at 20.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,352 tons

Complement:
480 - 625

Cost:
£2.456 million / $9.826 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 223 tons, 2.3 %
Armour: 1,517 tons, 15.9 %
- Belts: 585 tons, 6.2 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 194 tons, 2.0 %
- Armour Deck: 680 tons, 7.1 %
- Conning Tower: 57 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 2,372 tons, 24.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,696 tons, 38.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,653 tons, 17.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 0.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
11,025 lbs / 5,001 Kg = 102.9 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
Metacentric height 3.3 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 14.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.42
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.470
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.16 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.96 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 69
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Forecastle (17 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Mid (50 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (11.48 ft / 3.50 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (17 %): 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
- Stern: 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
- Average freeboard: 16.52 ft / 5.03 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 100.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 134.5 %
Waterplane Area: 23,340 Square feet or 2,168 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 117 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 106 lbs/sq ft or 515 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.18
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

1925, Condottieri I

Ships in class;

Alberto da Giussano (100), Laid down 1925, reconstructed 1934, Sold 1940

Alberico da Barbiano (100), Laid down 1925, reconstructed to aircraft carrier 1930, Sold 1940

Bartolomeo Colleoni (100), Laid down 1925, reconstructed to aircraft carrier 1930, Sold 1940

Giovanni delle Bande Nere (99), Laid down 1925, reconstructed 1934








Condottieri I, Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1925

Displacement:
5,805 t light; 6,000 t standard; 6,606 t normal; 7,092 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
539.12 ft / 524.93 ft x 52.49 ft x 19.51 ft (normal load)
164.32 m / 160.00 m x 16.00 m x 5.95 m

Armament:
8 - 152mm / 53 guns (4x2 guns), 110.23lbs / 50.00kg shells, 1924 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
6 - 100mm/47 guns (3x2 guns), 30.51lbs / 13.84kg shells
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, 1 raised mount - superfiring
8 - 37mm guns (4x2 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 1,077 lbs / 489 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 100
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 448.72 ft / 136.77 m 8.69 ft / 2.65 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 132 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 1.57" / 40 mm 1.97" / 50 mm
2nd: 0.79" / 20 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -

- Armour deck: 1.38" / 35 mm, Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 72,600 shp / 54,160 Kw = 34.00 kts
Range 3,100nm at 20.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,092 tons

Complement:
366 - 476

Cost:
£2.109 million / $8.436 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 132 tons, 2.0 %
Armour: 1,078 tons, 16.3 %
- Belts: 428 tons, 6.5 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 172 tons, 2.6 %
- Armour Deck: 458 tons, 6.9 %
- Conning Tower: 21 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 2,357 tons, 35.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,187 tons, 33.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 802 tons, 12.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 0.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
3,931 lbs / 1,783 Kg = 36.4 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.23
Metacentric height 2.8 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 13.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.42
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.430
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.38 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Forecastle (7 %): 23.29 ft / 7.10 m
- Mid (40 %): 22.97 ft / 7.00 m (15.09 ft / 4.60 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (7 %): 15.09 ft / 4.60 m
- Stern: 15.09 ft / 4.60 m
- Average freeboard: 18.36 ft / 5.60 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 131.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 126.9 %
Waterplane Area: 17,967 Square feet or 1,669 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 96 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 73 lbs/sq ft or 355 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.72
- Longitudinal: 1.33
- Overall: 0.77
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

1925, Francesco Ferruccio

Ships in class;

Francesco Ferruccio (99), Laid down 1925



Francesco Ferrucio , Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1925

Displacement:
5,523 t light; 5,733 t standard; 6,904 t normal; 7,841 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
539.26 ft / 524.93 ft x 52.49 ft x 19.49 ft (normal load)
164.37 m / 160.00 m x 16.00 m x 5.94 m

Armament:
4 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (2x2 guns), 110.23lbs / 50.00kg shells, 1925 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline, all forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
2 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (1x2 guns), 110.23lbs / 50.00kg shells, 1925 Model
Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline amidships, all raised guns - superfiring
4 - 3.94" / 100 mm guns (2x2 guns), 30.51lbs / 13.84kg shells, 1925 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
8 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (3 mounts), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1925 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 796 lbs / 361 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
6 - 17.7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Aircraft:
6 seaplanes, can operate S.55 (pictured on catapult)

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 397.80 ft / 121.25 m 8.69 ft / 2.65 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 117 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 1.97" / 50 mm 1.97" / 50 mm
2nd: 2.76" / 70 mm 1.97" / 50 mm 1.97" / 50 mm
3rd: 0.79" / 20 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.18" / 30 mm, Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 66,000 shp / 49,236 Kw = 31.66 kts
Range 5,500nm at 20.00 kts (Bunkerage = 2,108 tons)

Complement:
378 - 492

Cost:
£1.883 million / $7.533 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 98 tons, 1.4 %
Armour: 922 tons, 13.4 %
- Belts: 387 tons, 5.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 130 tons, 1.9 %
- Armour Deck: 384 tons, 5.6 %
- Conning Tower: 22 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 2,143 tons, 31.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,060 tons, 29.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,382 tons, 20.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 4.3 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4,969 lbs / 2,254 Kg = 46.0 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.27
Metacentric height 2.9 ft / 0.9 m
Roll period: 12.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 54 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.30
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.450
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.91 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Forecastle (12 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Mid (70 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m (9.84 ft / 3.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (12 %): 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Stern: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Average freeboard: 16.81 ft / 5.12 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 116.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 137.4 %
Waterplane Area: 17,577 Square feet or 1,633 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 71 lbs/sq ft or 346 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.73
- Longitudinal: 1.13
- Overall: 0.77
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

1927, "Capitani Romani" Class Esploratore

Ships in class;

Caio Mario (100), Laid down 1927

Claudio Druso (100), Laid down 1927

Claudio Tiberio (100), Laid down 1927

Cornelio Silla (100), Laid down 1927

Guilio Germanico (100), Laid down 1927

Ottoviano Augusto (100), Laid down 1927






- 130mm/45 guns with 28kg shells

- 47mm secondary guns give added punch

- 6x600mm torpedoes

- Very fast

- Adequate seakeeping of 1.00


Italian Esploratore laid down 1927

Displacement:
2,900 t light; 3,057 t standard; 3,324 t normal; 3,537 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
449.84 ft / 442.91 ft x 40.03 ft x 16.40 ft (normal load)
137.11 m / 135.00 m x 12.20 m x 5.00 m

Armament:
8 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (4x2 guns), 61.73lbs / 28.00kg shells, 1928 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (4x2 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1928 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.24lbs / 0.11kg shells, 1928 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 527 lbs / 239 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 300
6 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.97" / 50 mm 1.18" / 30 mm -
2nd: 0.79" / 20 mm - -

- Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 64,000 shp / 47,744 Kw = 36.19 kts
Range 4,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 480 tons

Complement:
218 - 284

Cost:
£1.565 million / $6.259 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 70 tons, 2.1 %
Armour: 55 tons, 1.7 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 42 tons, 1.3 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 13 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 1,780 tons, 53.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 944 tons, 28.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 424 tons, 12.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 1.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
708 lbs / 321 Kg = 10.6 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
Metacentric height 1.7 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 12.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.62
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 11.07 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.14 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 64 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 70
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 20.67 ft / 6.30 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.39 ft / 5.30 m
- Mid (50 %): 15.75 ft / 4.80 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.75 ft / 4.80 m
- Stern: 15.75 ft / 4.80 m
- Average freeboard: 16.58 ft / 5.06 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 192.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 112.5 %
Waterplane Area: 11,325 Square feet or 1,052 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 71 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 43 lbs/sq ft or 211 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.51
- Longitudinal: 1.45
- Overall: 0.56
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

Ships in Class;

Sant' Achilleo (100), Laid down 1928

San Bacco (100), Laid down 1928



Saint Class, Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1928

Displacement:
7,936 t light; 8,259 t standard; 9,374 t normal; 10,267 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
608.99 ft / 590.55 ft x 60.70 ft x 20.34 ft (normal load)
185.62 m / 180.00 m x 18.50 m x 6.20 m

Armament:
8 - 152mm / 53 guns (4x2 guns), 110.23lbs / 50.00kg shells, 1928 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
16 - 100mm / 65 guns (8x2 guns), 33.07lbs / 15.00kg shells, 1928 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
12 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (4x3 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1928 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
12 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.24lbs / 0.11kg shells, 1928 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 1,460 lbs / 662 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
12 - 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.72" / 120 mm 393.70 ft / 120.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 5.31" / 135 mm 2.76" / 70 mm 3.94" / 100 mm
2nd: 1.18" / 30 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
3rd: 0.39" / 10 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.57" / 40 mm, Conning tower: 5.91" / 150 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 75,000 shp / 55,950 Kw = 31.54 kts
Range 4,500nm at 20.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,008 tons

Complement:
476 - 619

Cost:
£2.864 million / $11.458 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 173 tons, 1.8 %
Armour: 1,815 tons, 19.4 %
- Belts: 759 tons, 8.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 334 tons, 3.6 %
- Armour Deck: 666 tons, 7.1 %
- Conning Tower: 57 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 2,335 tons, 24.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,562 tons, 38.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,438 tons, 15.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 0.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
11,451 lbs / 5,194 Kg = 106.9 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.26
Metacentric height 3.6 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 13.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.28
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.06

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.450
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.73 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.30 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Mid (37 %): 22.97 ft / 7.00 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (20 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Average freeboard: 17.03 ft / 5.19 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 96.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 103.1 %
Waterplane Area: 22,864 Square feet or 2,124 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 118 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 100 lbs/sq ft or 490 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.14
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

Incrociatori di Ordine

2 vessels laid down mid 1932

San Calepodio
San Calimero

Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1932

Displacement:
6,900 t light; 7,189 t standard; 8,751 t normal; 10,000 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
579.02 ft / 557.74 ft x 58.73 ft x 18.70 ft (normal load)
176.48 m / 170.00 m x 17.90 m x 5.70 m

Armament:
8 - 5.98" / 152 mm guns (4x2 guns), 110.23lbs / 50.00kg shells, 1932 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
24 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (6x4 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1932 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all forward, 5 raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 974 lbs / 442 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
6 - 21" / 533 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 360.89 ft / 110.00 m 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 1.18" / 30 mm 229.66 ft / 70.00 m 8.20 ft / 2.50 m
Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 5.31" / 135 mm 2.76" / 70 mm 2.76" / 70 mm
2nd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -

- Armour deck: 1.57" / 40 mm, Conning tower: 5.31" / 135 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 62,000 shp / 46,252 Kw = 31.11 kts
Range 4,200nm at 25.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,811 tons

Complement:
452 - 588

Cost:
£2.708 million / $10.831 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 117 tons, 1.3 %
Armour: 1,533 tons, 17.5 %
- Belts: 579 tons, 6.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 244 tons, 2.8 %
- Armour Deck: 661 tons, 7.6 %
- Conning Tower: 49 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 1,830 tons, 20.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,121 tons, 35.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,850 tons, 21.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 3.4 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
11,913 lbs / 5,403 Kg = 111.2 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 2.7 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 15.0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.27
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.500
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.50 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 27.06 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 69
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 31.17 ft / 9.50 m
- Forecastle (24 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Mid (40 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (22 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Average freeboard: 17.35 ft / 5.29 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 83.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 141.8 %
Waterplane Area: 22,695 Square feet or 2,108 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 136 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 92 lbs/sq ft or 448 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.17
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

90t = 6x quadruple 47mm mounts
10t = sonar D2bis
200tons fighter direction station

1934, Duca degli Abruzzi Class

Two light cruisers laid down. Duca degli Abruzzi and Duca d'Aosta. Evolution over the previous class but with same general layout. Beam and displacement have been increased significantly to 8000tons.

Main armament is 4 duple 152/53. Although ballistically similar to the previous weapons they are in fact different. A vertically-sliding breech block is used and the mounting elevates up to 80°. As in the previous model the loading trays move with the gun allowing loading at any angle. Under development since 1930 with the stillborn 135/54 the mounting has undergone a few designs iterations as problems with ammunition supply were noticed. The sea trials onboard the cruiser Quarto were especially useful. Another change to the mounting are the increased train and elevation rates for increased usefulness against small craft and the new generation monoplanes. Other armament consists of 47/62 in the standard quadruple mountings, and 6 duple stablised twin 25mm mountings.

Machinery is similar to the previous class but with output being slightly increased.

Armour consists of a 100mm thick external inclined belt and considerable deck armour. The chosen range of engagement over 150-200hm when performing escort duties dictated the need for increased deck armour against 150mm and 210mm shellfire.

Displacement:
8,095 t light; 8,398 t standard; 9,777 t normal; 10,880 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
579.02 ft / 557.74 ft x 65.62 ft x 18.70 ft (normal load)
176.48 m / 170.00 m x 20.00 m x 5.70 m

Armament:
8 - 5.98" / 152 mm guns (4x2 guns), 99.21lbs / 45.00kg shells, 1934 Model
Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
28 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (7x4 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all forward, all raised mounts - superfiring
12 - 0.98" / 25.0 mm guns (6x2 guns), 0.53lbs / 0.24kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all forward
Weight of broadside 908 lbs / 412 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
16 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 3.94" / 100 mm 328.08 ft / 100.00 m 10.47 ft / 3.19 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 0.79" / 20 mm 65.62 ft / 20.00 m 8.20 ft / 2.50 m
Main Belt covers 90 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 5.31" / 135 mm 2.76" / 70 mm 3.94" / 100 mm
2nd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -
3rd: 0.39" / 10 mm - -

- Armour deck: 2.36" / 60 mm, Conning tower: 5.31" / 135 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 66,000 shp / 49,236 Kw = 31.02 kts
Range 3,500nm at 25.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,482 tons

Complement:
491 - 639

Cost:
£3.186 million / $12.745 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 119 tons, 1.2 %
Armour: 2,069 tons, 21.2 %
- Belts: 612 tons, 6.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 296 tons, 3.0 %
- Armour Deck: 1,108 tons, 11.3 %
- Conning Tower: 52 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,899 tons, 19.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,608 tons, 36.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,682 tons, 17.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 400 tons, 4.1 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
15,837 lbs / 7,184 Kg = 147.8 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 2.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
Metacentric height 3.3 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 15.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.21
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.04

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.500
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.50 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 27.31 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 67
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 31.17 ft / 9.50 m
- Forecastle (26 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Mid (60 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (25 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Average freeboard: 19.07 ft / 5.81 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 77.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 114.5 %
Waterplane Area: 25,357 Square feet or 2,356 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 135 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 98 lbs/sq ft or 477 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.97
- Longitudinal: 1.33
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

48t = 16x600mm torpedoes
40t = 25mm deck over torpedoes

Belt = 100mm@20degrees = 3.00 eff height

100 x 50kg AP shells
100 x 40kg MTF shells

Alberto da Giussano Rebuilt 1934

Da Guissano will be rebuilt into an anti-aircraft cruiser mounting the 100/65 gun in 8 mountings. The lack of a larger anti-aircraft weapon resulted in the choice of the 100/65 which is distinctly lacking against surface targets. However it is an excellent AA gun. The trade off was thought to be acceptable. The arrangement of the mountings provides reasonable arcs of fire. Also included in the reconstruction was a newer, larger superstructure and new engines.

Condottieri I, Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1925 (Engine 1934)

Displacement:
5,444 t light; 5,739 t standard; 6,664 t normal; 7,404 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
550.44 ft / 524.93 ft x 52.49 ft x 19.69 ft (normal load)
167.77 m / 160.00 m x 16.00 m x 6.00 m

Armament:
8 - 3.94" / 100 mm guns (4x2 guns), 33.07lbs / 15.00kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 3.94" / 100 mm guns (4x2 guns), 33.07lbs / 15.00kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
20 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (5x4 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, 4 raised guns - superfiring
4 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns in single mounts, 1.83lbs / 0.83kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on centreline, all forward
Weight of broadside 614 lbs / 278 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 400

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.76" / 70 mm 448.72 ft / 136.77 m 8.69 ft / 2.65 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 132 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.18" / 30 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
2nd: 1.18" / 30 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
3rd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -

- Armour deck: 1.38" / 35 mm, Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 62,000 shp / 46,252 Kw = 32.63 kts
Range 3,000nm at 25.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,665 tons

Complement:
368 - 479

Cost:
£1.633 million / $6.530 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 70 tons, 1.0 %
Armour: 951 tons, 14.3 %
- Belts: 428 tons, 6.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 44 tons, 0.7 %
- Armour Deck: 458 tons, 6.9 %
- Conning Tower: 21 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 1,784 tons, 26.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,340 tons, 35.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,220 tons, 18.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 4.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
7,851 lbs / 3,561 Kg = 257.3 x 3.9 " / 100 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.32
Metacentric height 3.1 ft / 0.9 m
Roll period: 12.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.20
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.22

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.430
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.38 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 41
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 32.81 ft / 10.00 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Mid (40 %): 22.97 ft / 7.00 m (14.76 ft / 4.50 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Stern: 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Average freeboard: 18.83 ft / 5.74 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 102.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 160.8 %
Waterplane Area: 17,967 Square feet or 1,669 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 124 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 76 lbs/sq ft or 373 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.86
- Longitudinal: 1.66
- Overall: 0.92
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

1935 Pattern Esploratori

4 vessels laid down 1935

Ischia, Gorgona, Marittimo, Tino

Enter ship name, Enter country Enter ship type laid down 1935

Displacement:
4,581 t light; 4,780 t standard; 5,619 t normal; 6,290 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
513.78 ft / 492.13 ft x 49.21 ft x 18.04 ft (normal load)
156.60 m / 150.00 m x 15.00 m x 5.50 m

Armament:
6 - 5.98" / 152 mm guns (3x2 guns), 104.72lbs / 47.50kg shells, 1935 Model
Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, majority aft, 1 raised mount aft - superfiring
24 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (6x4 guns), 3.86lbs / 1.75kg shells, 1935 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 - 0.98" / 25.0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 0.55lbs / 0.25kg shells, 1935 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount
on side aft
Weight of broadside 722 lbs / 328 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
8 - 23.6" / 600 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 10.6" / 268 mm* 1.97" / 50 mm 1.97" / 50 mm
2nd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -
3rd: 0.39" / 10 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.57" / 40 mm, Conning tower: 2.76" / 70 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 52,000 shp / 38,792 Kw = 31.77 kts
Range 3,000nm at 25.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,511 tons

Complement:
323 - 421

Cost:
£2.254 million / $9.016 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 90 tons, 1.6 %
Armour: 667 tons, 11.9 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 181 tons, 3.2 %
- Armour Deck: 468 tons, 8.3 %
- Conning Tower: 19 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 1,477 tons, 26.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,247 tons, 40.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,037 tons, 18.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 1.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,804 lbs / 3,086 Kg = 63.5 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
Metacentric height 2.1 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 14.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 69 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.40
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.17

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.450
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 25.47 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 59
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 31.82 ft / 9.70 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 21.98 ft / 6.70 m
- Mid (46 %): 21.98 ft / 6.70 m (13.78 ft / 4.20 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.78 ft / 4.20 m
- Stern: 13.78 ft / 4.20 m
- Average freeboard: 18.34 ft / 5.59 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 100.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 114.9 %
Waterplane Area: 16,047 Square feet or 1,491 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 127 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 81 lbs/sq ft or 395 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 1.88
- Overall: 0.97
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

10t = EC.1 radar
24t = 8x600mm TT
7t = Scaricabombe
9t = D3 sonar
10t = 2x Diesel gensets

20tons per 152mm turret extra = HA loading etc

*Turret face armour = 70mm

Something more along the lines of a traditional cruiser rather than the previous abberrations. Reasonable size with a big hull to put lots of stuff. Its slightly cramped at the moment due to the aircraft facilities but they were thought to be needed, and it'll make a good cinema. Still haven't really decided on the main armament, I might go for triples instead, but Italy does have a lot more experience with quadruple mountings and the extra firepower might be needed. Armament is rounded out by the standard 100/65 and new, roomier quadruple 47mm mountings. No torpedoes from lack of space mainly, but probably of limited utility as well. Everything else is average to good.

Lombardia and Trentino, Laid down 1936
Piedmonte and Liguria, Laid down 1937

Italian Light Cruiser laid down 1936

Displacement:
9,788 t light; 10,398 t standard; 11,892 t normal; 13,088 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(649.24 ft / 623.36 ft) x 65.94 ft (Bulges 69.23 ft) x (19.69 / 21.17 ft)
(197.89 m / 190.00 m) x 20.10 m (Bulges 21.10 m) x (6.00 / 6.45 m)

Armament:
16 - 5.98" / 152 mm 53.0 cal guns - 104.72lbs / 47.50kg shells, 200 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1936 Model
4 x Quad mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
8 - 3.94" / 100.0 mm 65.0 cal guns - 33.07lbs / 15.00kg shells, 500 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1936 Model
4 x Twin mounts on sides, aft evenly spread
4 raised mounts
24 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 3.31lbs / 1.50kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1936 Model
6 x Quad mounts on sides, evenly spread
2 raised mounts
20 - 0.98" / 25.0 mm 77.0 cal guns - 0.54lbs / 0.24kg shells, 4,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1936 Model
10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 2,030 lbs / 921 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.72" / 120 mm 393.70 ft / 120.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 97 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 5.31" / 135 mm 2.76" / 70 mm 3.94" / 100 mm
2nd: 1.18" / 30 mm 0.79" / 20 mm -
3rd: 0.39" / 10 mm 0.39" / 10 mm -
4th: 0.39" / 10 mm - -

- Armoured deck - single deck: 1.97" / 50 mm For and Aft decks

- Conning towers: Forward 2.76" / 70 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 80,000 shp / 59,680 Kw = 31.96 kts
Range 3,500nm at 25.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,690 tons

Complement:
569 - 740

Cost:
£4.785 million / $19.138 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 606 tons, 5.1 %
Armour: 1,995 tons, 16.8 %
- Belts: 760 tons, 6.4 %
- Armament: 459 tons, 3.9 %
- Armour Deck: 745 tons, 6.3 %
- Conning Tower: 31 tons, 0.3 %
Machinery: 2,245 tons, 18.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,743 tons, 39.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,104 tons, 17.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 200 tons, 1.7 %
- Hull below water: 50 tons
- On freeboard deck: 50 tons
- Above deck: 100 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
18,755 lbs / 8,507 Kg = 175.0 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 2.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
Metacentric height 3.5 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 15.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 61 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.39
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.22

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.490 / 0.501
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 28.77 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 23.00 %, 33.46 ft / 10.20 m, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m, 20.34 ft / 6.20 m
- Aft deck: 24.00 %, 20.34 ft / 6.20 m, 20.34 ft / 6.20 m
- Quarter deck: 23.00 %, 20.34 ft / 6.20 m, 20.34 ft / 6.20 m
- Average freeboard: 22.49 ft / 6.86 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 83.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 200.8 %
Waterplane Area: 28,219 Square feet or 2,622 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 131 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 114 lbs/sq ft or 558 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.48
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

50t = radars
100t = aircrafts and catapult