WesWorld

HICMS Lauting
Mine Transporter laid down 1948

Displacement:
823 t light; 853 t standard; 1.480 t normal; 1.982 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
181,80 ft / 174,87 ft x 34,12 ft x 14,47 ft (normal load)
55,41 m / 53,30 m x 10,40 m x 4,41 m

Armament:
4 - 0,79" / 20,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,24lbs / 0,11kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 1 lbs / 0 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 400

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 392 shp / 292 Kw = 9,50 kts
Range 60.000nm at 9,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1.129 tons

Info:
true range: 3000sm at 9 kn / true bunker: 69 tons
low stowed cargo: 1060 tons => 265 mines @ 4 tons


Complement:
119 - 155

Cost:
£0,225 million / $0,902 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 10 tons, 0,6%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 663 tons, 44,8%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 657 tons, 44,4%
Miscellaneous weights: 150 tons, 10,1%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
10.415 lbs / 4.724 Kg = 42.667,3 x 0,8 " / 20 mm shells or 6,8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,14
Metacentric height 1,3 ft / 0,4 m
Roll period: 12,7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle, rise forward of midbreak, raised quarterdeck
Block coefficient: 0,600
Length to Beam Ratio: 5,13 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 13,22 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 36 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2,62 ft / 0,80 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16,08 ft / 4,90 m
- Forecastle (20%): 15,75 ft / 4,80 m (13,78 ft / 4,20 m aft of break)
- Mid (50%): 13,12 ft / 4,00 m (10,50 ft / 3,20 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (20%): 13,78 ft / 4,20 m (10,50 ft / 3,20 m before break)
- Stern: 13,78 ft / 4,20 m
- Average freeboard: 13,12 ft / 4,00 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 15,0%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 81,8%
Waterplane Area: 4.269 Square feet or 397 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 870%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 85 lbs/sq ft or 416 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,70
- Longitudinal: 10,91
- Overall: 2,04
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Misc. Weight:
100 tons for cranes and rails for mine stowing
50 tons reserved for design growth or war modification

HICMS Pengwu
Netlayer laid down 1948

Displacement:
696 t light; 715 t standard; 917 t normal; 1.078 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
180,53 ft / 168,64 ft x 33,79 ft x 10,83 ft (normal load)
55,02 m / 51,40 m x 10,30 m x 3,30 m

Armament:
2 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 1,95lbs / 0,89kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount
on centreline forward, all raised guns
Weight of broadside 4 lbs / 2 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 550

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 1.683 shp / 1.256 Kw = 15,00 kts
Range 11.000nm at 12,30 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 363 tons

Complement:
83 - 108

Cost:
£0,227 million / $0,910 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0,1%
Machinery: 41 tons, 4,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 404 tons, 44,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 221 tons, 24,1%
Miscellaneous weights: 250 tons, 27,3%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
2.232 lbs / 1.012 Kg = 1.142,9 x 1,6 " / 40 mm shells or 1,5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,03
Metacentric height 1,0 ft / 0,3 m
Roll period: 13,9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,01
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,44

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,520
Length to Beam Ratio: 4,99 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 12,99 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3,94 ft / 1,20 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 13,78 ft / 4,20 m
- Forecastle (20%): 11,48 ft / 3,50 m
- Mid (50%): 11,48 ft / 3,50 m (9,19 ft / 2,80 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (20%): 9,19 ft / 2,80 m
- Stern: 9,19 ft / 2,80 m
- Average freeboard: 10,52 ft / 3,21 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 46,0%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 88,5%
Waterplane Area: 3.731 Square feet or 347 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 273%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 68 lbs/sq ft or 331 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,49
- Longitudinal: 6,00
- Overall: 1,71
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Breakdown of Misc. Weight:
100 tons for netlaying equipment
100 tons for nets
50 tons reserved for design growth or war modification

Pearl of the Orient (HS-03)
Hospitalship


Displacement:
10.942 t light; 11.238 t standard; 14.766 t normal; 17.588 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
546,23 ft / 525,59 ft x 57,41 ft x 28,54 ft (normal load)
166,49 m / 160,20 m x 17,50 m x 8,70 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 53.910 shp / 40.217 Kw = 26,30 kts
Range 12.000nm at 18,70 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 6.351 tons


Info:
=> own use: Range 6500nm at 18.7 kts [3501tons fuel]

2850tons simmed as low stowed cargo
- distilling plants to make drinking water from sea water (300 tons)
- fresh water tanks (500 tons)
- medical supply (1500 tons)
- morgue (refrigerators) (300 tons)
- Laundry (50 tons)
- oxygen prducing plants (200 tons)


Complement:
669 - 870

Cost:
£1,848 million / $7,392 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 1.802 tons, 12,2%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4.895 tons, 33,2%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3.824 tons, 25,9%
Miscellaneous weights: 4.245 tons, 28,7%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
21.107 lbs / 9.574 Kg = 195,4 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 2,3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,00
Metacentric height 2,2 ft / 0,7 m
Roll period: 16,4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 60 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,600
Length to Beam Ratio: 9,15 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22,93 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 30
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 13,78 ft / 4,20 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 25,59 ft / 7,80 m
- Forecastle (20%): 24,61 ft / 7,50 m
- Mid (50%): 24,61 ft / 7,50 m
- Quarterdeck (20%): 24,61 ft / 7,50 m
- Stern: 24,61 ft / 7,50 m
- Average freeboard: 24,69 ft / 7,52 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 71,7%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 154,6%
Waterplane Area: 22.071 Square feet or 2.050 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 188%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 111 lbs/sq ft or 540 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,16
- Longitudinal: 3,72
- Overall: 1,30
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily


Breakdown of Misc. Weight:
Medical Staff Quarters 174men: 600tons

Total Patient-Capacity: 850 beds (3185 tons)
- Intensive care wards @ 5tons: 60 beds => 300 tons
- Recovery wards @ 2.5 tons: 20 beds => 50 tons
- Intermediate Care Station @ 3.5 tons: 250 beds => 875 tons
- Light care wards @ 3 tons: 120 beds => 360 tons
- Limited care wards @ 4 tons: 400 beds => 1600 tons

Operating Rooms: 6 (@ 50 tons) => 300 tons

Departments and Facilities:
- Casualty reception (10 tons)
- Intensive care unit (40 tons)
- radiological services (4x Xray stations) (20 tons)
- Main laboratory (25 tons)
- central sterile receiving (10 tons)
- pharmacy (25 tons)
- dental services (20 tons)
- medical photography (10 tons)


Cost: 2740tons (25% light displacement)

Pearl of the Pacific (HS-04)

Displacement:
9.907 t light; 10.165 t standard; 12.870 t normal; 15.035 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
540,38 ft / 519,36 ft x 51,84 ft x 27,89 ft (normal load)
164,71 m / 158,30 m x 15,80 m x 8,50 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 32.757 ihp / 24.436 Kw = 23,70 kts
Range 13.800nm at 15,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4.870 tons

Info:
=>Own use: Range: 6250nm at 15 kts [2270 tons]

2600tons simmed as low stowed cargo
- medical supply (1250 tons)
- fresh water tanks (400 tons)
- distilling plants to make drinking water from sea water (400 tons)
- morgue (refrigerators) (200 tons)
- oxygen prducing plants (300 tons)
- Laundry (50 tons)


Complement:
603 - 785

Cost:
£2,217 million / $8,870 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 1.879 tons, 14,6%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 5.529 tons, 43,0%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2.963 tons, 23,0%
Miscellaneous weights: 2.500 tons, 19,4%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
19.827 lbs / 8.993 Kg = 183,6 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 2,3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,00
Metacentric height 1,9 ft / 0,6 m
Roll period: 15,9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 60 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,600
Length to Beam Ratio: 10,02 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22,79 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 30
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 17,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 12,80 ft / 3,90 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 26,90 ft / 8,20 m
- Forecastle (20%): 25,92 ft / 7,90 m
- Mid (50%): 25,92 ft / 7,90 m
- Quarterdeck (20%): 25,92 ft / 7,90 m
- Stern: 25,92 ft / 7,90 m
- Average freeboard: 26,00 ft / 7,92 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 69,4%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 161,2%
Waterplane Area: 19.690 Square feet or 1.829 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 206%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 122 lbs/sq ft or 598 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,36
- Longitudinal: 6,08
- Overall: 1,58
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Breakdown of Misc. Weight:
Medical Staff Quarters 150men: 535tons

Total Patient-Capacity: 440 beds (1615 tons)
- Intensive care wards @ 5tons: 40 beds => 200 tons
- Recovery wards @ 2.5 tons: 20 beds => 50 tons
- Intermediate Care Station @ 3.5 tons: 150 beds => 525 tons
- Light care wards @ 3 tons: 80 beds => 240 tons
- Limited care wards @ 4 tons: 150 beds => 600 tons

Operating Rooms: 4 (@ 50 tons) => 200 tons

Departments and Facilities: (150tons)
- Casualty reception (10 tons)
- Intensive care unit (40 tons)
- radiological services (2x Xray stations) (10 tons)
- Main laboratory (25 tons)
- central sterile receiving (10 tons)
- pharmacy (25 tons)
- dental services (20 tons)
- medical photography (10 tons)


Cost: 2480tons (25% light displacement)

I have a few concerns with the Lauting mine transporter design.

Armament – 400 rpg for 20mm LAA guns is not going to last very long in a shooting situation. Light AA ammunition should be multiplied by a factor of 3 to 5, if not more.

Low-stowed cargo (mines) – the weight involved is excessive. Four tons per mine seems overly much, unless you have data to that effect. Simming them as bunkers means that they are cargo, and the mine rails become superfluous. If the ship is a minelayer instead of a transport, the mines ought to be in the miscellaneous weight category, IMHO.

Quoted from "BruceDuncan"

I have a few concerns with the Lauting mine transporter design.

Armament – 400 rpg for 20mm LAA guns is not going to last very long in a shooting situation. Light AA ammunition should be multiplied by a factor of 3 to 5, if not more.

No problem to enlarge the magazine. I didn't want to give the ship any excessive armament, because it hardly drives alone, and if so .... it will be more in chinese coastal waters, where the risk is minimal to encounter any enemy aircraft.

Quoted from "BruceDuncan"

Low-stowed cargo (mines) – the weight involved is excessive. Four tons per mine seems overly much, unless you have data to that effect. Simming them as bunkers means that they are cargo, and the mine rails become superfluous. If the ship is a minelayer instead of a transport, the mines ought to be in the miscellaneous weight category, IMHO.

First ... it is realy a "pure" mine transporter and NOT a mine layer. That means, his task is to transport the deactivated mines from the harbour to the minelayer which may be are out of the port or to transport the mines from one harbour to another. The rails are more or less a "gimmick" that means i want to sim an easier way to handle them inside the ship. (something like aircraft transporting rails on a seaplane carrier which are used to transport the aircraft on the deck of a seaplane carrier). Sure 4tons are very excessive, so may be i have to reduce the weight for each mine and add other cargo so i didn't have to reduce the value - because taking a look on the size of the vessel, IMHO, it couldn't transport more than the number i had written.

HICMS Haibing
laid down 1938 as freighter for the Tjianjin Shipping Ltd.

Displacement:
3.696 t light; 3.870 t standard; 6.599 t normal; 8.783 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
385,15 ft / 375,72 ft x 54,79 ft x 18,70 ft (normal load)
117,39 m / 114,52 m x 16,70 m x 5,70 m

Armament:
4 - 1,46" / 37,0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 1,55lbs / 0,70kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
6 - 0,79" / 20,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,24lbs / 0,11kg shells, 1938 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 8 lbs / 3 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 8.000

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 11.795 shp / 8.799 Kw = 19,50 kts
Range 42.000nm at 13,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4.913 tons

Complement:
365 - 475

Cost:
£0,989 million / $3,954 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 323 tons, 4,9%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1.872 tons, 28,4%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2.904 tons, 44,0%
Miscellaneous weights: 1.500 tons, 22,7%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
19.707 lbs / 8.939 Kg = 12.751,0 x 1,5 " / 37 mm shells or 3,7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,11
Metacentric height 2,5 ft / 0,8 m
Roll period: 14,6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,01
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,600
Length to Beam Ratio: 6,86 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19,38 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 22,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 23,33 ft / 7,11 m
- Forecastle (20%): 22,31 ft / 6,80 m
- Mid (50%): 22,31 ft / 6,80 m
- Quarterdeck (15%): 22,31 ft / 6,80 m
- Stern: 22,31 ft / 6,80 m
- Average freeboard: 22,39 ft / 6,82 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 42,7%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 171,5%
Waterplane Area: 14.727 Square feet or 1.368 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 306%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 70 lbs/sq ft or 343 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,87
- Longitudinal: 3,64
- Overall: 1,01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather



Breakdown of MIscellaneous Weight (1500tons):
cranes and handling gear - 100 tons
Accomodations for 350 men @ 2 tons per man - 700 tons
Meeting rooms and amenities - 700 tons

Low-stowed cargo simmed as additionals fuel
true bunkers 1013tons; (8000 sm)
low-stowed-cargo: 3900 tons


low-stowed-cargo: 3900 tons
additional fuel - 2000 tons
Torpedo stowage (@2 tons) - 600 tons
Ammunition/battery stowage - 500 tons
parts & stores stowage - 600 tons
machine shop - 200 tons


Converted merchantman:
Cost to acquire and convert as naval auxiliary: 924 tons

Due to the expansion of the chinese navy, a further suppy vessel is needed.



HICMS Houxin
laid down 1935 as Whalingfactory for the Chinese Company for Whaling (CCW)

Displacement:
10.100 t light; 10.574 t standard; 18.262 t normal; 24.413 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
485,21 ft / 468,77 ft x 71,39 ft x 30,18 ft (normal load)
147,89 m / 142,88 m x 21,76 m x 9,20 m

Armament:
8 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,95lbs / 0,89kg shells, 1935 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
16 - 0,79" / 20,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,24lbs / 0,11kg shells, 1935 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, 12 raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 20 lbs / 9 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 8.000

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
2nd: 0,39" / 10 mm 0,39" / 10 mm -

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, reciprocating cruising steam engines plus steam turbines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 9.446 ihp / 7.047 Kw = 15,80 kts
Range 60.000nm at 12,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 13.839 tons

Complement:
785 - 1.021

Cost:
£2,064 million / $8,255 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2 tons, 0,0%
Armour: 3 tons, 0,0%
- Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 3 tons, 0,0%
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 356 tons, 1,9%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4.739 tons, 25,9%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8.162 tons, 44,7%
Miscellaneous weights: 5.000 tons, 27,4%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
55.063 lbs / 24.976 Kg = 28.197,4 x 1,6 " / 40 mm shells or 6,1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,00
Metacentric height 3,0 ft / 0,9 m
Roll period: 17,2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 90 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,633
Length to Beam Ratio: 6,57 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21,65 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 36 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4,27 ft / 1,30 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 33,46 ft / 10,20 m
- Forecastle (15%): 33,46 ft / 10,20 m
- Mid (50%): 33,46 ft / 10,20 m
- Quarterdeck (15%): 33,46 ft / 10,20 m
- Stern: 33,46 ft / 10,20 m
- Average freeboard: 33,46 ft / 10,20 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 38,2%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 201,5%
Waterplane Area: 24.813 Square feet or 2.305 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 318%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 454 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,82
- Longitudinal: 5,99
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather


Breakdown of miscellaneous weight (5000tons):
Repair and maintenance facilities - 1000 tons
Enhanced deck handling gear (incl. 120tons lifting crane) - 500 tons
Accommodations for base force personnel (500 @ 2-tons per) - 1000 tons
Refrigerated storerooms - 1000 tons
Pontoon causeway equipment - 600 tons
Recreational space and base amenities - 400 tons
Helicopter landing pad and handling gear: - 180 tons
2 Cierva R1 Helicopter - 10 tons
2 Chengdu UH-1 Helicopter - 10 tons
5 Landing Craft (onboard @ 9.5 tons) with Davits - 100 tons
Two LVIs with Davits - 200 tons


Low-stowed cargo simmed as additional bunkers
true bunkers for 11500 nm at 12 kts = 2839 tons
low-stowed-cargo: 11000 tons

low-stowed cargo: 11000tons
Fuel oil: 2000 tons
Diesel oil: 2000 tons
Aviation gas: 3000 tons
Fresh water: 1000 tons
Dry stores: 3000 tons


Converted merchantman:
Cost to acquire and convert as naval auxiliary: 2525 tons

The hull has a typical tug shape and is divided into six sections by five bulkheads. The ships can be used as tugs of sea targets and in the winter as ice breakers.

Shen Neng
Icebreaker & Tug laid down 1948

Displacement:
584 t light; 601 t standard; 778 t normal; 920 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
131,68 ft / 127,46 ft x 31,82 ft x 12,20 ft (normal load)
40,14 m / 38,85 m x 9,70 m x 3,72 m

Armament:
2 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 1,95lbs / 0,89kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount
on centreline forward
Weight of broadside 4 lbs / 2 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 600

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Ends: Unarmoured

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1,97" / 50 mm 82,84 ft / 25,25 m 10,73 ft / 3,27 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 1.006 shp / 750 Kw = 13,00 kts
Range 10.000nm at 12,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 319 tons

Complement:
73 - 95

Cost:
£0,181 million / $0,724 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0,1%
Armour: 65 tons, 8,3%
- Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 65 tons, 8,3%
- Armament: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 25 tons, 3,2%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 294 tons, 37,8%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 194 tons, 25,0%
Miscellaneous weights: 200 tons, 25,7%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
2.260 lbs / 1.025 Kg = 1.157,4 x 1,6 " / 40 mm shells or 1,7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,01
Metacentric height 0,9 ft / 0,3 m
Roll period: 14,0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 90 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,01
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,550
Length to Beam Ratio: 4,01 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 11,29 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 15,75 ft / 4,80 m
- Forecastle (20%): 14,76 ft / 4,50 m
- Mid (50%): 13,78 ft / 4,20 m (11,48 ft / 3,50 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15%): 11,48 ft / 3,50 m
- Stern: 11,48 ft / 3,50 m
- Average freeboard: 13,05 ft / 3,98 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 108,1%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 94,3%
Waterplane Area: 2.831 Square feet or 263 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 245%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 56 lbs/sq ft or 272 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,17
- Longitudinal: 15,79
- Overall: 1,52
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Torpedo bulkhead used to simulate hull strengthening to combat sea ice.

low stowed cargo:
true radius of action 5000 nm on bunkers of 169 tons;
imbalance stacking system with 2 eccentric wheels in the foredeck - 150 tons

Breakdown of Miscellaneous weights: 200 tons
two auxiliary diesel-electric generating sets - 25 tons each - total 50 tons
provision for stowed towing cabels and winch aft - 80 tons
Navigation and communication equipment (radar and other electronics) - 30 tons
reserved for future growth - 40 tons

Cuiniao (Kingfisher)
Icebreaker laid down 1948

Displacement:
4.560 t light; 4.721 t standard; 6.358 t normal; 7.667 t full load

Dimensions:
Length overall / water x beam x draught
295,25 ft / 288,71 ft x 74,15 ft x 19,36 ft (normal load)
89,99 m / 88,00 m x 22,60 m x 5,90 m

Armament:
2 - 4,53" / 115 mm guns (1x2 guns), 46,40lbs / 21,05kg shells, 1948 Model
Dual purpose guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward
12 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns (3x4 guns), 1,95lbs / 0,89kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
6 - 0,79" / 20,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,24lbs / 0,11kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, 3 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 118 lbs / 53 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 450

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2,95" / 75 mm 187,66 ft / 57,20 m 11,15 ft / 3,40 m
Ends: 5,91" / 150 mm 101,02 ft / 30,79 m 11,15 ft / 3,40 m
Main Belt covers 100% of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1,97" / 50 mm 187,66 ft / 57,20 m 17,62 ft / 5,37 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3,94" / 100 mm 1,57" / 40 mm 3,15" / 80 mm
2nd: 1,38" / 35 mm 0,39" / 10 mm -
3rd: 0,59" / 15 mm - -

- Armour deck: 0,59" / 15 mm, Conning tower: 1,38" / 35 mm

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Electric cruising motors plus geared drives, 3 shafts, 5.241 shp / 3.910 Kw = 15,40 kts
Range 40.000nm at 12,80 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4.259 tons

Complement:
355 - 462

Cost:
£1,416 million / $5,663 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 15 tons, 0,2%
Armour: 975 tons, 15,3%
- Belts: 530 tons, 8,3%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 241 tons, 3,8%
- Armament: 33 tons, 0,5%
- Armour Deck: 161 tons, 2,5%
- Conning Tower: 10 tons, 0,2%
Machinery: 128 tons, 2,0%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2.693 tons, 42,4%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1.797 tons, 28,3%
Miscellaneous weights: 750 tons, 11,8%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
29.065 lbs / 13.184 Kg = 626,3 x 4,5 " / 115 mm shells or 12,3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,46
Metacentric height 6,1 ft / 1,9 m
Roll period: 12,6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,01
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,42

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,537
Length to Beam Ratio: 3,89 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16,99 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 17,95 ft / 5,47 m
- Forecastle (20%): 11,42 ft / 3,48 m
- Mid (50%): 11,42 ft / 3,48 m
- Quarterdeck (15%): 11,42 ft / 3,48 m
- Stern: 11,42 ft / 3,48 m
- Average freeboard: 11,94 ft / 3,64 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 31,8%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 90,4%
Waterplane Area: 14.759 Square feet or 1.371 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 303%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 141 lbs/sq ft or 691 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,70
- Longitudinal: 3,78
- Overall: 1,84
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Torpedo bulkhead and armour used to simulate hull strengthening to combat sea ice.

low stowed cargo:
true radius of action 27500 nm on bunkers of 2946 tons;
additional aviation fuel - 750 tons
ballast - 500 tons
storage - 63 tons

Breakdown of Miscellaneous weights: 750 tons
armament:
two DC thrower - 40 tons
40 DCs @ 0.25 tons - 10 tons

electronics:
navigation electronics - 30 tons
climatic control system - 50 tons

aviation facilities:
helicopter canvas and handling system - 200 tons
helicopter landing pad - 50 tons
observation helicopter - 50 tons

salvage equipment:
salvage crane and associated equipment - 80 tons
towing gear - 20 tons
high-capacity pumps - 40 tons
emergency diesel generators - 10 tons

additional equipment:
room for additional crew (@ 2 tons) - 70 tons
"Baixiong" (tracked vehicle based on the Xiniu II tractor) - 20 tons
future growth - 100 tons



"Baixiong"

Engine: V-12 diesel engine with 995 hp
Speed: 30 kph
Length: 8.5 m
Hight: 4.0 m
Width: 3.5 m
Range: ca. 1500 km
Gradeability: 30°
Volume: 50 m³ (Area: 28m²; Height: 2.1m)

Interesting icebreaker designs...

...but does China actually need icebreakers, or more icebreakers? Aside from their Antarctic program - which, if I remember correctly, is already well-equipped (I'd even potentially say over-equipped), I don't get the impression that China actually needs something like an icebreaking tug. Is there the sort of climate necessary for them to have any gainful work? I'd have thought the answer might be "perhaps one or two days in a particularly cold year"...?

What is the Baxiong based on? Seems really light on weight for all the things it allegedly has on board, including a giant engine and a truly massive amount of range...

In OTL in 1969, large scale icing in Bohai Sea caused great economic loss and proved that older icebreakers built before 1950 were simply too small and too old to perform icebreaking duties effectively in severe icing conditions. (from wikipedia)

So in my eyes, there is sure some need for some icebreakers. By the way, China didn't had an "pure ice breaker" till now. Sure there some ships with "ice breaking capabilities", but no pure ice breaker. And of course there is not such a huge demand like it is for Canada, US oder Russia or other northern countries, but it is always better to have them. It is planed to build 4 Shen Neng and 2 Cuiniao.

The "Baixiong" is based on the "Charkowtschanka"

Quoted from "parador"

In OTL in 1969, large scale icing in Bohai Sea caused great economic loss and proved that older icebreakers built before 1950 were simply too small and too old to perform icebreaking duties effectively in severe icing conditions. (from wikipedia)

From my research, it looks like the Bohai Sea has an average of 5cm sea ice buildup around the coast, with marginal sea ice occasionally spreading a bit beyond that. Apparently the Bohai Sea is the most southerly (Northern Hemisphere) sea that regularly ices. Interesting; I wouldn't have guessed that.

Looking at the average ice thicknesses and maps of coverage, I might suggest that you have a look at whether or not you could gain more utility from a smaller design built in greater quantity. In most years, 5cm of ice shouldn't usually require any icebreaking capacity for large ships (say, over 500t). So in normal winters, the big Cuiniao will not see much use, due to its draft and comparative expense of operation (fuel and crew requirements). And in the more extreme cases, only having two hulls will limit the amount of traffic you can actually escort. In other words, normally they'll be bored with nothing to do, and every ten years, they'll be horribly overworked.

Perhaps it might be more useful to you to exchange your 2x4500t Cuiniao designs for 3x3000t ships, or even 4x2250t ships. Russia's Gavrila Derzhavin class or Germany's Castor class might be good exemplars for a smaller ship with a higher degree of utility.

If China wants to waste tonnage on icebreakers rather than cruisers and battleships and carriers then that's fine with me!

I must admit I'm surprised how far south the ice goes, I never thought of China as having an ice problem. Interesting.

Nothing like a discussion on icebreakers to remind me that I forgot to place my own design in my encyclopedia..... I too am pleasantly surprised at the fact that the Bohai Sea can get iced up significantly.

Quoted from "Brockpaine"

From my research, it looks like the Bohai Sea has an average of 5cm sea ice buildup around the coast, with marginal sea ice occasionally spreading a bit beyond that. Apparently the Bohai Sea is the most southerly (Northern Hemisphere) sea that regularly ices. Interesting; I wouldn't have guessed that..

I was also surprised, that the Bohai Sea gets regularly iced. But that's the reason why i think such ships are needed for the chinese fleet.

Quoted from "Brockpaine"

Looking at the average ice thicknesses and maps of coverage, I might suggest that you have a look at whether or not you could gain more utility from a smaller design built in greater quantity. In most years, 5cm of ice shouldn't usually require any icebreaking capacity for large ships (say, over 500t). So in normal winters, the big Cuiniao will not see much use, due to its draft and comparative expense of operation (fuel and crew requirements). And in the more extreme cases, only having two hulls will limit the amount of traffic you can actually escort. In other words, normally they'll be bored with nothing to do, and every ten years, they'll be horribly overworked.

That's why the main task is on the smaller Shen Neng - Class. The two big Cuiniao are more seen as "firefighters" That means the two ships will escort every expedition in the arctic or antarctic. Sure the Cuiniao is for daily work with small ice a little bit overdesigned but for the work in the extreme north / south it's a good ship (i think).

Quoted from "Brockpaine"

Perhaps it might be more useful to you to exchange your 2x4500t Cuiniao designs for 3x3000t ships, or even 4x2250t ships. Russia's Gavrila Derzhavin class or Germany's Castor class might be good exemplars for a smaller ship with a higher degree of utility.

The question is, will all the things, i want to have, fit on the smaller design ? Not only from the tonnage, but also from the volume and area.

Quoted from "Hood"

If China wants to waste tonnage on icebreakers rather than cruisers and battleships and carriers then that's fine with me!

Building usefull ships isn't waste of time or tonnage. By the way ... China has enough ships to defend it's seelines and so the eyes are kept on auxiliary ships to support the fleet.

Quoted from "Hood"

If China wants to waste tonnage on icebreakers rather than cruisers and battleships and carriers then that's fine with me!
I must admit I'm surprised how far south the ice goes, I never thought of China as having an ice problem. Interesting.

Same thought i .... and so i was surprised that the PLAN of China has a small icebreaker fleet. That's the reason why i will build such ships.

Quoted from "parador"

That's why the main task is on the smaller Shen Neng - Class. The two big Cuiniao are more seen as "firefighters" :) That means the two ships will escort every expedition in the arctic or antarctic. Sure the Cuiniao is for daily work with small ice a little bit overdesigned but for the work in the extreme north / south it's a good ship (i think).

Mm, perhaps. I'm not fully convinced - I think it's too large for your primary mission in the Bohai Sea, and a bit too small for your secondary mission as an Antarctic expedition ship.

But this feeling might be due to one of my in-game hats being a Russian ushanka - the Russians have thirty-five icebreakers currently in service at the opening of 1948, two more under construction, and eight on order... :P

Quoted from "Brockpaine"

Quoted from "parador"

That's why the main task is on the smaller Shen Neng - Class. The two big Cuiniao are more seen as "firefighters" That means the two ships will escort every expedition in the arctic or antarctic. Sure the Cuiniao is for daily work with small ice a little bit overdesigned but for the work in the extreme north / south it's a good ship (i think).

Mm, perhaps. I'm not fully convinced - I think it's too large for your primary mission in the Bohai Sea, and a bit too small for your secondary mission as an Antarctic expedition ship.

But this feeling might be due to one of my in-game hats being a Russian ushanka - the Russians have thirty-five icebreakers currently in service at the opening of 1948, two more under construction, and eight on order...

Comparing it with the OTL chinese icebreaker they are sure too small . But in my eyes they are surely big enough (may be one will say too big and the other will say too small) to fullfill the needed work in the Bohai Bay.