WesWorld

• The last two Avrora-class light cruisers, Ochakov and Oleg, are going to be laid down.
  
• Four Admiral Kornilov-class cruisers being built, with the first two completed. (No additional hulls currently ordered.)
  
• Carriers Reval and Kerch complete at the very end of the year.
  
• Admiral Kolchak completes in the Black Sea, although she'll probably shift to the Baltic Sea Fleet for a bit.
  
• Twelve new destroyers will be ordered, of the Udaloi-class.
  
• There will be another few ships of the Project 83 Avantyurin class.
  
• Five guardships based on the Project 83 Avantyurin will be built for the Caspian Sea Flotilla, replacing antiquated Project 03 Lilya class ships.
  
• Four Project 84 Aleksandrit riverine icebreakers are on order.
  
• Another two UNREP ships laid down - possibly more Elbrus-class Large Marine Tankers. This may result in some of the Betelgeuse-class Medium Marine Tankers being retired at the end of 1948. The Russians have an alternative on hand Project 85 Evropa, for a KKS or Complex Supply Ship designed to accompany carriers.
  
• More fleet submarines of the K-41-class. These boats are basically best akin to the historical Zulu class submarines; and I'm considering a design that's basically a Whiskey class.
  
• The Varyag-class escort cruisers might be retired, probably about the time that Admiral Kornilov-class ships (OTL Sverdlovs) start commissioning. I may add another 2-4 ships to the Kornilov class in order to carry the names forward.
  
• The last addition to the Russian amphibious fleet came in 1934. I'm going to add some new Bol'shoy Desantny Korabl' (Large Landing Ships, most equivalent to a large LST) in 1948.

Quoted

Fidonisi, Russian Aircraft Carrier laid down 1948

Displacement:
12,500 t light; 12,902 t standard; 15,510 t normal; 17,597 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
715.49 ft / 688.98 ft x 73.16 ft x 19.03 ft (normal load)
218.08 m / 210.00 m x 22.30 m x 5.80 m

Armament:
8 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm guns (4x2 guns), 15.43lbs / 7.00kg shells, 1948 Model
Automatic rapid fire guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
16 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (8x2 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 148 lbs / 67 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 1,000

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 1.18" / 30 mm 447.83 ft / 136.50 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.18" / 30 mm 447.83 ft / 136.50 m 19.03 ft / 5.80 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 0.59" / 15 mm 0.20" / 5 mm 0.20" / 5 mm
2nd: 0.59" / 15 mm 0.20" / 5 mm -

- Armour deck: 1.18" / 30 mm, Conning tower: 1.57" / 40 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines plus diesel motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 53,619 shp / 40,000 Kw = 26.66 kts
Range 12,000nm at 18.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,695 tons

Complement:
694 - 903

Cost:
£4.745 million / $18.979 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 19 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 1,401 tons, 9.0 %
- Belts: 218 tons, 1.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 372 tons, 2.4 %
- Armament: 9 tons, 0.1 %
- Armour Deck: 780 tons, 5.0 %
- Conning Tower: 21 tons, 0.1 %
Machinery: 1,310 tons, 8.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,770 tons, 37.2 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,010 tons, 19.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 4,000 tons, 25.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
41,304 lbs / 18,735 Kg = 3,208.8 x 3.0 " / 75 mm shells or 6.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
Metacentric height 4.0 ft / 1.2 m
Roll period: 15.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 80 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.03
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.566
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.42 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.25 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 40
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 28.87 ft / 8.80 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 28.87 ft / 8.80 m
- Mid (50 %): 28.87 ft / 8.80 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 28.87 ft / 8.80 m
- Stern: 28.87 ft / 8.80 m
- Average freeboard: 28.87 ft / 8.80 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 79.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 283.0 %
Waterplane Area: 35,709 Square feet or 3,317 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 190 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 97 lbs/sq ft or 472 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.88
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
- 3600 tons for 60 aircraft
- 75 tons for electronics
- 125 tons for ASW command center
- 50 tons for climatization gear
- 150 tons for other
4000 tons total

Electronics Suite:
- NR-140UVB aerial battle management radar (1 radar, 20 tons)
- NR-132 surface and air-search radar (2 radars, 15 tons)
- NR-136 height-finding and air-search radar (1 radar, 7.5 tons)
- NR-119 navigational and air-warning radar (1 radar, 2.5 tons)
- NR-160bis fire-control radar (1 radar, 7.5 tons)
- NR-170 AA fire-control radar (1 radar, 2.5 tons)
- Radar jammer/detector (2 units, 2 tons)
- French-built SAGEM HF/DF (3 tons)
- Sonar (8 tons)
- Diesel emergency electric generator (5 tons)
- Gunnery computer for 75mm guns (2 tons)

Ships in Class: (tentative names)
- Fidonisi
- Cape Sarych
- Tendra
- Kaliakra

Quoted

Udaloi (Project 77M), Russian Bol'shoy Protivolodochny Korabl' laid down 1948

Displacement:
2,500 t light; 2,749 t standard; 3,141 t normal; 3,454 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
473.15 ft / 459.32 ft x 42.98 ft x 13.12 ft (normal load)
144.21 m / 140.00 m x 13.10 m x 4.00 m

Armament:
6 - 5.12" / 130 mm guns (3x2 guns), 79.37lbs / 36.00kg shells, 1948 Model
Automatic rapid fire guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
4 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 15.43lbs / 7.00kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline, all aft, 1 raised mount - superfiring
4 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1948 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
4 - 0.55" / 14.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.08lbs / 0.04kg shells, 1948 Model
Machine guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 544 lbs / 247 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 588
8 - 25.6" / 650 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 0.98" / 25 mm 0.20" / 5 mm 0.59" / 15 mm

- Conning tower: 1.18" / 30 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 47,961 shp / 35,779 Kw = 34.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 18.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 705 tons

Complement:
209 - 272

Cost:
£2.299 million / $9.195 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 68 tons, 2.2 %
Armour: 15 tons, 0.5 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 10 tons, 0.3 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 5 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 1,172 tons, 37.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,055 tons, 33.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 641 tons, 20.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 190 tons, 6.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1,437 lbs / 652 Kg = 21.4 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 0.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
Metacentric height 2.1 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 12.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 73 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.43

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.424
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.69 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.57 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 23.95 ft / 7.30 m
- Forecastle (25 %): 23.29 ft / 7.10 m
- Mid (50 %): 22.64 ft / 6.90 m (14.76 ft / 4.50 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Stern: 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Average freeboard: 19.01 ft / 5.80 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 148.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 124.3 %
Waterplane Area: 12,817 Square feet or 1,191 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 43 lbs/sq ft or 211 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.51
- Longitudinal: 1.83
- Overall: 0.58
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Ships in Class:
- Udaloi (Bold)
- Vikhrevoy (Vortex)
- Vspylchivyi (Spitfire)
- Boevoy (Militant)
- Bditelnyi (Watchful)
- Ostorozhnyi (Careful)
- Okrylennyi (Winged)
- Velichavyi (Stately, Majestic)
- Volevoy (Volitional)
- Bezboyaznennyi (Dauntless)
- Bezotkaznyi (Troubleproof)
- Oberegayuschiy (Which Protects)

Notes:
Main advance for the Udaloi class is better sonar and better radar for general air-sentry duties.

Compared to previous ships, the secondary gun battery is strengthened to include two twin 75mm anti-aircraft guns in two closed turrets.

Quoted from "BruceDuncan"

The Fidonisi design looks not unlike the Kriegsmarine’s Westfalen-class of escort aircraft carriers, and your comments suggest that you are leaning towards the same roles - protect the fleet train, collaborate with amphibious forces, train new aviators – and keep the air groups of the strike carriers up to strength. Of course, the details of the two designs differ, but their general dimensions are not dissimilar. I think it is a good choice to replace the older collier-conversions.

Quoted from "Brockpaine"

Quoted from "BruceDuncan"

The Fidonisi design looks not unlike the Kriegsmarine’s Westfalen-class of escort aircraft carriers, and your comments suggest that you are leaning towards the same roles - protect the fleet train, collaborate with amphibious forces, train new aviators – and keep the air groups of the strike carriers up to strength. Of course, the details of the two designs differ, but their general dimensions are not dissimilar. I think it is a good choice to replace the older collier-conversions.

Yup. If memory serves, I sent you one of my French designs that you used as a reference when designing the Westfalen - I just switched that French design over to the Russian weapon calibers, and updated it to a 1948 lay-down date. ;) "Use it up, wear it out, make it do or do without!"

Quoted from "Hood"

Sixty aircraft on 12,500 tons feels ambitious to me.
For example, my new Project 721 Argentine carrier is roughly the same dimensions but 16,000 tons light for 48 aircraft.
My RN Ocean class was a Colossus clone, slightly smaller than your design, 13,200 tons light for 48 aircraft. The historical Colossus also had room for 48 aircraft. The newer Albion is roughly the same size but 15,900 tons light for 48 aircraft.

Quoted

- 13x Yelnya class (1937)
- 12x Pechora-class (1940)
- 12x Soobrazitelny (Project 69)-class (1944)
- 6x Ognevoy-class (1938/46)
- 24x Serdityi (Type 77bis)-class (1946)
- 12x Kursk class (1924/1942)
- 2x Kharkov (Project 77)-class (1945)
- 1x Pylkiy-class (1937/1947)
- 5x Sokrushitelnyi-class (1933/1947)

Quoted

- 6x Orphey-class (1915/1932)
- 12x Voronezh-class (1926)
- 12x Parnu-class (1929)
- 12x Izyslav II-class (1931)
- 1x Caspiansky-class (1932)
- 24x Vinnitsa-class (1934)

Quoted

- 6x Minsk-class (1928/1944)
- 6x Moskva-class (1930/1944)
- 6x Kiev-class (1934/1944)
- 6x Petrograd-class (1942)
- 6x Smolensk-class (1944)

Quoted

Vinnitsa-class, Russian Destroyer laid down 1934 (Engine 1948)

Displacement:
1,430 t light; 1,502 t standard; 1,692 t normal; 1,844 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
381.47 ft / 367.45 ft x 32.32 ft x 12.47 ft (normal load)
116.27 m / 112.00 m x 9.85 m x 3.80 m

Armament:
3 - 3.94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 37.48lbs / 17.00kg shells, 1948 Model
Automatic rapid fire guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount
4 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (1x4 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in a deck mount with hoist
on centreline aft, all raised guns - superfiring
4 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, evenly spread
4 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1934 Model
Machine guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 125 lbs / 57 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 520
9 - 20.9" / 530 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 0.98" / 25 mm 0.20" / 5 mm -
2nd: 0.98" / 25 mm 0.20" / 5 mm -

- Conning tower: 1.18" / 30 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 37,501 shp / 27,976 Kw = 34.50 kts
Range 5,250nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 341 tons

Complement:
131 - 171

Cost:
£0.859 million / $3.437 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 15 tons, 0.9 %
Armour: 8 tons, 0.5 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 5 tons, 0.3 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 4 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 801 tons, 47.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 495 tons, 29.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 262 tons, 15.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 110 tons, 6.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
493 lbs / 223 Kg = 16.1 x 3.9 " / 100 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
Metacentric height 1.2 ft / 0.4 m
Roll period: 12.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.30
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.06

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 11.37 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.94 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 66 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 66
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 24.28 ft / 7.40 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.72 ft / 5.40 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.72 ft / 5.40 m (10.17 ft / 3.10 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 10.17 ft / 3.10 m
- Stern: 11.15 ft / 3.40 m
- Average freeboard: 14.54 ft / 4.43 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 168.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 72.9 %
Waterplane Area: 7,586 Square feet or 705 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 82 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 32 lbs/sq ft or 157 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.50
- Longitudinal: 1.81
- Overall: 0.57
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

Change Log:
- Switched old single-purpose 130mm guns to the newer dual-purpose Pattern 1940 100m/L56 guns, doubling the rate of fire and increasing stowed ammunition count.
- New engines.
- Comprehensive reconstruction of upperworks to add radar, upgrade sonar, and reduce topweight.
- Tweaked torpedo tubes from 533mm to the 530mm Russian standard.
- Added 9K42-M6 "Groza" 2x4 32cm antisubmarine mortars