WesWorld

A somewhat comprehensive list of most of the vessels owned by or flagged to the Chilean merchant marine.

Work in progress, replacing an older disorganized thread with some of the same information...

Yanez, Condor, and Huemel. Built 1890, 690 tons displacement. 4-masted wooden-hulled schooners; owned by CSAV but not in regular use (pending sale or disposal).

Isla Chañaral, Chilean Merchant Ship laid down 1905

Displacement:
2,345 t light; 2,411 t standard; 3,323 t normal; 4,052 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
321.52 ft / 321.52 ft x 42.65 ft x 15.42 ft (normal load)
98.00 m / 98.00 m x 13.00 m x 4.70 m

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 1 shaft, 2,936 ihp / 2,190 Kw = 15.00 kts
Range 8,500nm at 12.50 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,641 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
218 - 284

Cost:
£0.142 million / $0.567 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 425 tons, 12.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,169 tons, 35.2 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 978 tons, 29.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 750 tons, 22.6 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,601 lbs / 2,541 Kg = 51.9 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 1.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 1.8 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 13.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 80 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.550
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.54 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.93 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 37 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 40
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Forecastle (25 %): 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Average freeboard: 14.68 ft / 4.48 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 67.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 112.0 %
Waterplane Area: 9,282 Square feet or 862 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 208 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 75 lbs/sq ft or 365 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.26
- Longitudinal: 2.71
- Overall: 1.36
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
Originally owned by CSAV; retired and given to DIRECTEMAR as payment for a newer vessel. DIRECTEMAR leased the vessel to Naviera Chilena del Pacífico Ltd in 1944 and 1945 under a bareboat charter.

Bethlehem-class Ore Carrier (DIRECTEMAR CoC-1914)
- Dimensions: L426' x B59' x D23'
- Displacement:
- Speed: 12 knots
- Cargo:
- Ships in service: Bethlehem Star, Bethlehem Rose, Bethlehem Sun
- Notes: owned by Bethlehem-Chile Iron Mines Company.

1917 - Aguila, a bark-rigged merchant ship of 6,500-tons normal displacement.

Hog Islander, Chilean Steamship laid down 1917

Displacement:
7,043 t light; 7,272 t standard; 11,453 t normal; 14,797 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
449.00 ft / 448.00 ft x 58.10 ft x 28.00 ft (normal load)
136.86 m / 136.55 m x 17.71 m x 8.53 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 5,891 shp / 4,395 Kw = 15.00 kts
Range 25,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 7,524 tons

Complement:
553 - 719

Cost:
£0.503 million / $2.013 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 216 tons, 1.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,327 tons, 29.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,409 tons, 38.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 3,500 tons, 30.6 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
24,280 lbs / 11,013 Kg = 224.8 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 4.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
Metacentric height 2.6 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 15.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle, raised quarterdeck
Block coefficient: 0.550
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.71 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.17 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 30 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 25
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 1.00 ft / 0.30 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Quarterdeck (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m before break)
- Stern: 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Average freeboard: 18.96 ft / 5.78 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 40.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 91.0 %
Waterplane Area: 17,618 Square feet or 1,637 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 291 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 106 lbs/sq ft or 518 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.27
- Longitudinal: 2.71
- Overall: 1.37
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
The Chilean merchant marine bought numerous examples of the "Hog Islander" design, produced both in the United States and in Atlantis. In 1923, further vessels were ordered to the same design in Chilean shipyards, helping to establish ASMAR's large-scale shipbuilding capability. These twelve vessels are known as the Topáter-class. A total of thirty-eight "Hog Islanders" have made their way into the Chilean merchant marine.

Loa / River-class, Chilean Oil Tanker laid down 1917 (Engine 1920)

Displacement:
4,147 t light; 4,379 t standard; 11,587 t normal; 17,354 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
484.44 ft / 475.72 ft x 59.06 ft x 26.25 ft (normal load)
147.66 m / 145.00 m x 18.00 m x 8.00 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 2,114 ihp / 1,577 Kw = 11.00 kts
Range 75,000nm at 11.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 12,976 tons

Complement:
557 - 725

Cost:
£0.295 million / $1.182 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 124 tons, 1.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,023 tons, 26.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,440 tons, 64.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 1,000 tons, 8.6 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
84,195 lbs / 38,190 Kg = 779.6 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 16.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.47
Metacentric height 4.4 ft / 1.3 m
Roll period: 11.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.550
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.06 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.81 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 17 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Stern: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Average freeboard: 17.66 ft / 5.38 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 14.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 106.3 %
Waterplane Area: 19,015 Square feet or 1,767 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 928 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 456 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.12
- Longitudinal: 1.89
- Overall: 1.18
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
The first vessels purchased by SONAP. The first four vessels were purchased from Atlantean shipyards, where they had been laid down just prior to the end of the Great War. The order for ships had been cancelled, and SONAP acquired them for completion. In 1920, four more vessels were purchased. The ships, built with wartime steel and powerplants, have developed minor hull fractures due to age and expensive engine maintenance; five of the eight vessels have been removed from sea service, barring unexpected oil transport contracts.

Ships in Class:
- Loa
- Baker
- Bio-Bio
- Maule
- Bueno
- Maipo
- Pascua
- Rapel

Incahuasi, Chilean Steamship laid down 1920

Displacement:
2,812 t light; 2,885 t standard; 3,663 t normal; 4,285 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
379.19 ft / 377.30 ft x 45.93 ft x 13.45 ft (normal load)
115.58 m / 115.00 m x 14.00 m x 4.10 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 3,849 ihp / 2,872 Kw = 16.00 kts
Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,400 tons

Complement:
235 - 306

Cost:
£0.307 million / $1.229 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 226 tons, 6.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,086 tons, 29.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 851 tons, 23.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 1,500 tons, 40.9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,434 lbs / 2,918 Kg = 59.6 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 1.7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
Metacentric height 1.8 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 14.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle, raised quarterdeck
Block coefficient: 0.550
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.21 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.42 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 35 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 35
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.65 ft / 6.60 m
- Forecastle (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (13.12 ft / 4.00 m before break)
- Stern: 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Average freeboard: 15.57 ft / 4.75 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 65.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 124.8 %
Waterplane Area: 11,730 Square feet or 1,090 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 188 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 58 lbs/sq ft or 284 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.99
- Longitudinal: 1.52
- Overall: 1.03
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
Six vessels of this class were ordered from Chilean shipyards in 1920, with assistance from foreign shipbuilders. The construction of this class immediately preceded ASMAR's construction of the larger Topáter (Hog Islander) class vessels, and served as a lead-in for merchant shipbuilding. Quality problems were evident with the engine installations in the first few vessels, but these were made right before the end of the 1920s. Six more vessels of this type were built for the Chileno Sudamerica Line between 1924 and 1926, bringing the total number of vessels constructed to twelve.

Photo from Sjöhistoriska Museet, Stockholm

Amerikaland & Svealand, Chilean Ore Carrier laid down 1924

Displacement:
13,307 t light; 13,762 t standard; 22,780 t normal; 29,994 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
580.71 ft / 570.87 ft x 72.18 ft x 34.12 ft (normal load)
177.00 m / 174.00 m x 22.00 m x 10.40 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 3,184 shp / 2,376 Kw = 11.00 kts
Range 85,000nm at 11.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 16,232 tons

Complement:
926 - 1,205

Cost:
£1.485 million / $5.940 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 105 tons, 0.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,702 tons, 25.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 9,473 tons, 41.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 7,500 tons, 32.9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
60,234 lbs / 27,322 Kg = 557.7 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 6.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.06
Metacentric height 3.4 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 16.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.567
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.91 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.89 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 15 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 25
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 29.53 ft / 9.00 m
- Forecastle (5 %): 27.89 ft / 8.50 m
- Mid (50 %): 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 27.07 ft / 8.25 m
- Stern: 27.89 ft / 8.50 m
- Average freeboard: 27.06 ft / 8.25 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 38.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 161.6 %
Waterplane Area: 29,221 Square feet or 2,715 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 295 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 106 lbs/sq ft or 518 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 2.72
- Overall: 1.06
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
Owned by a Chilean company which is owned by an American company, these ships are flagged in Sweden as of 1944.

Anacapa-class, Chilean Small Tanker laid down 1924

Displacement:
1,552 t light; 1,630 t standard; 3,900 t normal; 5,716 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
338.23 ft / 328.08 ft x 45.93 ft x 15.75 ft (normal load)
103.09 m / 100.00 m x 14.00 m x 4.80 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 572 ihp / 426 Kw = 9.00 kts
Range 75,000nm at 9.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,085 tons

Complement:
246 - 320

Cost:
£0.182 million / $0.729 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 33 tons, 0.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,019 tons, 26.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,348 tons, 60.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 500 tons, 12.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
22,176 lbs / 10,059 Kg = 205.3 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 8.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.43
Metacentric height 2.9 ft / 0.9 m
Roll period: 11.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle, raised quarterdeck
Block coefficient: 0.575
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.14 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.11 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 17 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 20.34 ft / 6.20 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m (9.84 ft / 3.00 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.04 ft / 5.50 m (9.84 ft / 3.00 m before break)
- Stern: 18.70 ft / 5.70 m
- Average freeboard: 13.14 ft / 4.01 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 18.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 79.9 %
Waterplane Area: 10,489 Square feet or 974 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 689 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 62 lbs/sq ft or 305 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.09
- Longitudinal: 1.72
- Overall: 1.14
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
The Anacapa-class was the result of the first attempt by a Chilean shipyard to construct a modern tanker in country, following the construction of Incahuasi and Topáter-class steamships. Four vessels were acquired by DIRECTEMAR, which leased the ships to various operators throughout the 1920s and early 1930s under bareboat charters. In 1932, the ships were brought back to Chilean service as a result of the Andean War. Following the end of the conflict, all four vessels were leased by SONAP from Directemar.

Ships in Class:
Anacapa, Mataquito, Chivilingo, Longaví

Alonso de Ercilla, Chilean Motorship laid down 1925
These four ships became the most notable members of the Chilean merchant marine in the 1920s and 1930s. Ordered from Harland and Wolff in Britain, they were close copies of that company's SS Monowai, which was employed in service between Britain, India, and Australia. Operated by CSAV, the quartet attracted an avid and loyal following among passengers on the western coast of South America, and their popularity assured CSAV's continued success.

Displacement:
8,500 t light; 8,791 t standard; 10,862 t normal; 12,519 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
519.04 ft / 500.33 ft x 63.32 ft x 19.69 ft (normal load)
158.20 m / 152.50 m x 19.30 m x 6.00 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 10,960 shp / 8,176 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 9,250nm at 18.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,728 tons

Complement:
531 - 691

Cost:
£1.439 million / $5.756 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 110 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 356 tons, 3.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,109 tons, 28.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,362 tons, 21.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 4,925 tons, 45.3 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
19,147 lbs / 8,685 Kg = 177.3 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 2.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
Metacentric height 3.0 ft / 0.9 m
Roll period: 15.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.10
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.610
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.90 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.37 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 36 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 25
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 12.80 degrees
Stern overhang: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Stern: 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Average freeboard: 21.62 ft / 6.59 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 68.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 178.3 %
Waterplane Area: 23,379 Square feet or 2,172 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 167 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 85 lbs/sq ft or 417 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.70
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Notes:
Built by Harland and Wolff.

Ships in Class:
- Alonso de Ercilla
- Pedro de Valdivia
- Bernardo O'Higgins
- Lautaro

Cerro Allegre-class, Chilean Reefer Ship laid down 1925
These four refrigerator ships were built between 1925 and 1938 by ASMAR on behalf of DIRECTEMAR, which leased the ships to CSAV under a bareboat charter. As they were intended to steam at fifteen knots, their speed was disappointing. The ships were used to carry Chilean fruit to the United States and Europe, taking advantage of the seasonal differences in northern and southern hemisphere winters and summers. By 1935 the service had expanded so much that larger and faster vessels were required.

Displacement:
1,578 t light; 1,623 t standard; 2,264 t normal; 2,777 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
283.79 ft / 278.87 ft x 39.37 ft x 13.12 ft (normal load)
86.50 m / 85.00 m x 12.00 m x 4.00 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 1,079 ihp / 805 Kw = 12.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,154 tons

Complement:
163 - 213

Cost:
£0.209 million / $0.837 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 62 tons, 2.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 641 tons, 28.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 686 tons, 30.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 875 tons, 38.6 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,370 lbs / 2,436 Kg = 49.7 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 1.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 1.5 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 13.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 54 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.550
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.08 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16.70 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 30 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 27
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.28 ft / 1.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18.70 ft / 5.70 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 14.11 ft / 4.30 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
- Stern: 12.47 ft / 3.80 m
- Average freeboard: 14.73 ft / 4.49 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 52.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 124.8 %
Waterplane Area: 7,431 Square feet or 690 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 227 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 50 lbs/sq ft or 242 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 2.72
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
Built in Chile for CSAV. Ship design based on SS Helga of Denmark.

Ships in Class:
- Cerro Allegre
- Cerro Navia
- La Reina
- Peñalolén

Concepción-class, Chilean Merchant laid down 1929

Displacement:
6,546 t light; 6,770 t standard; 11,200 t normal; 14,744 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
464.30 ft / 460.00 ft x 59.50 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
141.52 m / 140.21 m x 18.14 m x 7.62 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 4,578 ihp / 3,415 Kw = 14.00 kts
Range 30,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 7,973 tons

Complement:
543 - 707

Cost:
£1.063 million / $4.250 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 261 tons, 2.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,535 tons, 22.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,654 tons, 41.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 3,750 tons, 33.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
23,271 lbs / 10,556 Kg = 215.5 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 3.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 2.8 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 15.0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.81

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.573
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.73 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.45 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 27 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 32
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 24.40 ft / 7.44 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Mid (50 %): 15.50 ft / 4.72 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.50 ft / 4.72 m
- Stern: 15.50 ft / 4.72 m
- Average freeboard: 16.62 ft / 5.06 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 45.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 108.5 %
Waterplane Area: 19,516 Square feet or 1,813 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 262 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 81 lbs/sq ft or 396 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.57
- Overall: 1.03
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
The Concepción class steamships were the result of a major expansion in the Chilean merchant marine that began in the late 1920s. Built in Chile for DIRECTEMAR, these vessels followed the Hog Islander-inspired Topáter-class ships. Nine vessels were built, with one, the Arica, being purchased by CCNI, while the rest were acquired by CSAV.

Ships in Class:
- CSAV Concepción
- CSAV Talcahuano
- CSAV Santiago
- CSAV La Serena
- CSAV Puerto Montt
- CSAV San Bernardo
- CSAV Cauquenes
- CSAV Potosi
- Arica (owned by CCNI)

CSAV Hamburg & CSAV Antwerpen, Chilean Heavy-Lift Ship laid down 1929 (Engine 1934)

Displacement:
10,646 t light; 11,025 t standard; 18,956 t normal; 25,301 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
564.78 ft / 547.90 ft x 82.02 ft x 24.61 ft (normal load)
172.14 m / 167.00 m x 25.00 m x 7.50 m
2 - 21.8" / 553 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 0.79" / 20 mm 393.70 ft / 120.00 m 10.86 ft / 3.31 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 111 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
0.79" / 20 mm 393.70 ft / 120.00 m 23.20 ft / 7.07 m

- Conning tower: 1.97" / 50 mm

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 12,368 shp / 9,227 Kw = 17.00 kts
Range 45,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 14,276 tons

Complement:
807 - 1,050

Cost:
£1.690 million / $6.759 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Armour: 440 tons, 2.3 %
- Belts: 143 tons, 0.8 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 266 tons, 1.4 %
- Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 30 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 356 tons, 1.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,851 tons, 25.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8,310 tons, 43.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 5,000 tons, 26.4 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
51,744 lbs / 23,471 Kg = 479.1 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 11.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.23
Metacentric height 5.5 ft / 1.7 m
Roll period: 14.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 93 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.86

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle
Block coefficient: 0.600
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.68 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.41 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 34 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Forecastle (25 %): 21.33 ft / 6.50 m (16.40 ft / 5.00 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Stern: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Average freeboard: 18.37 ft / 5.60 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 48.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 127.3 %
Waterplane Area: 32,868 Square feet or 3,054 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 308 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 106 lbs/sq ft or 516 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.08
- Longitudinal: 1.34
- Overall: 1.11
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
- 400 tons for two heavy-lift gantry cranes (200t each) rated for 150 tons lift (one forward of the island, one aft of the island)
- 600 tons for internal cargo cradles and shuttles
- 2,250 tons for cargo on upper cargo deck
- 750 tons for cargo on lower cargo deck
- 1,000 tons for anti-roll tanks and adjustable balancing systems (installed 1939)

Ships in Class:
- CSAV Hamburg
- CSAV Antwerpen

Notes:
These two vessels were originally built as armed raiding cruisers for the Bolivian Navy, designed to carry six 15cm guns in hidden mounts, as well as six motor torpedo boats and two midget submarines in the central hold. The ships were under construction in Poland and two were seized during the Andean War. They were given to Chile as war reparations and rebuilt in Denmark as heavy-lift ships for CSAV. They are now engaged in transporting extremely heavy or oversized cargos, such as railcars and locomotives, from Europe or North America to South America or Asia. The gantry cranes, each capable of lifting 150 tons, extend over the sides of the ship, allowing a railcar to be lowered directly onto the pier without requiring any external apparatus.

Don Juan, Chilean Ferry laid down 1930

Displacement:
509 t light; 521 t standard; 600 t normal; 663 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
173.88 ft / 173.88 ft x 26.25 ft x 8.20 ft (normal load)
53.00 m / 53.00 m x 8.00 m x 2.50 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 617 shp / 460 Kw = 12.50 kts
Range 4,500nm at 12.50 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 141 tons

Complement:
59 - 78

Cost:
£0.086 million / $0.342 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 19 tons, 3.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 391 tons, 65.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 91 tons, 15.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 16.7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
2,147 lbs / 974 Kg = 19.9 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 2.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
Metacentric height 0.8 ft / 0.3 m
Roll period: 12.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.79

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle
Block coefficient: 0.561
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.63 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 13.19 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 39
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 14.11 ft / 4.30 m (6.89 ft / 2.10 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
- Stern: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
- Average freeboard: 8.17 ft / 2.49 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 29.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 69.0 %
Waterplane Area: 3,218 Square feet or 299 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 437 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 79 lbs/sq ft or 387 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 2.39
- Longitudinal: 4.91
- Overall: 2.56
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
The ferry Don Juan was constructed for the Cruz del Sur ferry line operating between Puerto Montt, Ancud, Castro, and Quellon. The ship's upperworks were painted yellow.

Butacura-class, Chilean Ore Carrier laid down 1935

Displacement:
7,221 t light; 7,413 t standard; 9,602 t normal; 11,354 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
440.40 ft / 426.51 ft x 59.06 ft x 22.97 ft (normal load)
134.23 m / 130.00 m x 18.00 m x 7.00 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 4,206 shp / 3,138 Kw = 14.00 kts
Range 22,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,940 tons

Complement:
48 - 63

Cost:
£1.372 million / $5.487 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 119 tons, 1.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,102 tons, 32.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,381 tons, 24.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 4,000 tons, 41.7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
17,989 lbs / 8,160 Kg = 166.6 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 3.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.03
Metacentric height 2.4 ft / 0.7 m
Roll period: 15.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.94

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.581
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.22 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.65 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 29 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 26
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Mid (50 %): 14.76 ft / 4.50 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Stern: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Average freeboard: 17.53 ft / 5.34 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 50.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 113.5 %
Waterplane Area: 17,645 Square feet or 1,639 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 227 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 109 lbs/sq ft or 531 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.35
- Longitudinal: 2.48
- Overall: 1.43
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
These ore carriers were constructed during the 1935 Merchant Marine expansion to replace aging foreign-owned ships engaged in the copper export trade. Four ships were built in 1935, and four more in 1938; all eight vessels were purchased by CSAV.

Ships in Class:
- 1935 ships: Butacura, Achao, Bucalemu, Anticura
- 1939 ships: Pillanleufú, Pilolcura, Pilolcura, Vitacura

Los Angeles-class, Chilean Coastal Freighter laid down 1935

Displacement:
2,531 t light; 2,598 t standard; 3,348 t normal; 3,947 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
335.51 ft / 328.08 ft x 47.57 ft x 14.27 ft (normal load)
102.26 m / 100.00 m x 14.50 m x 4.35 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 1 shaft, 2,950 shp / 2,201 Kw = 15.00 kts
Range 11,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,349 tons

Complement:
219 - 286

Cost:
£0.511 million / $2.043 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 84 tons, 2.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 947 tons, 28.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 816 tons, 24.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 1,500 tons, 44.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,605 lbs / 2,996 Kg = 61.2 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 1.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 14.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.526
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.90 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.11 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 37 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 29
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 20.41 ft / 6.22 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.22 ft / 5.25 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.22 ft / 5.25 m (9.84 ft / 3.00 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Stern: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
- Average freeboard: 13.79 ft / 4.20 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 57.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 118.5 %
Waterplane Area: 10,286 Square feet or 956 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 201 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 60 lbs/sq ft or 292 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.76
- Overall: 1.04
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily

Notes:
The Los Angeles-class coastal motorships were built primarily for CSAV, which took delivery of the first vessel, CSAV Los Angeles, in February 1936. Two vessels were acquired by CSAV, while three more were ordered by DIRECTEMAR, which later sold their three ships to CSAV.

Ships in Class:
CSAV Los Angeles, CSAV Barcelona, CSAV Boston, CSAV Aarhus, CSAV Coronel

Hornopirén-class, Chilean Refrigerator Ship laid down 1935

Displacement:
5,603 t light; 5,782 t standard; 8,923 t normal; 11,436 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
423.88 ft / 420.00 ft x 55.00 ft x 26.00 ft (normal load)
129.20 m / 128.02 m x 16.76 m x 7.92 m

Machinery:
Diesel Internal combustion motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 21,033 shp / 15,690 Kw = 22.00 kts
Range 10,000nm at 22.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,655 tons

Complement:
46 - 60

Cost:
£1.424 million / $5.697 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 598 tons, 6.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,006 tons, 22.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,320 tons, 37.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 3,000 tons, 33.6 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
13,108 lbs / 5,946 Kg = 121.4 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 2.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
Metacentric height 2.2 ft / 0.7 m
Roll period: 15.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 46 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.00
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.27

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.520
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.64 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 33
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Mid (50 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Stern: 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 14.64 ft / 4.46 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 59.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 91.3 %
Waterplane Area: 15,676 Square feet or 1,456 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 213 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 77 lbs/sq ft or 375 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.79
- Overall: 1.02
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
- Weight for 30 passengers
- Cargo

Notes:
Six fast refrigerator ships of the Hornopirén-class were ordered in 1935 by DIRECTEMAR, with one ship built every nine months. CSAV leased the first four ships under a bareboat charter, and purchased the final two ships outright from DIRECTEMAR prior to their completion. All six ships had minor passenger-carrying capability, and made regular sailings to North America, Atlantis, and Europe.

Ships in Class:
Hornopirén, Pirihueico, Antimahuida, Puyehue, Reloncaví, Temuco

Peninsula-class, Chilean Oil Tanker laid down 1937

Displacement:
11,255 t light; 11,590 t standard; 16,005 t normal; 19,537 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
554.58 ft / 550.00 ft x 70.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
169.04 m / 167.64 m x 21.34 m x 7.62 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines plus diesel motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 13,452 shp / 10,035 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 40,000nm at 13.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 7,947 tons

Complement:
710 - 924

Cost:
£2.533 million / $10.130 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 22 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 18 tons, 0.1 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 13 tons, 0.1 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 5 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 373 tons, 2.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,842 tons, 24.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,750 tons, 29.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 7,000 tons, 43.7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
26,680 lbs / 12,102 Kg = 657.0 x 4.3 " / 110 mm shells or 3.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07
Metacentric height 3.3 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 16.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.01
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.68

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.582
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.86 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.45 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 34 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 30
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Stern: 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 17.72 ft / 5.40 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 57.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 126.3 %
Waterplane Area: 27,688 Square feet or 2,572 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 202 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 452 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.01
- Longitudinal: 1.23
- Overall: 1.03
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Weights:
- 500 tons extra strengthened cranes and line-handling equipment
- 1,500 tons spares and supplies
- 5,000 tons fuel
- 7,000 tons total miscellaneous

Notes:
Four Peninsula-class oil tankers were constructed by ASMAR between 1935 and 1939. All four vessels, owned by DIRECTEMAR and managed under charter by SONAP, are on permanent retainer to the Chilean Navy, which provides officers and crew from the Naval Reserve. The ships are equipped for basic underway replenishment of naval vessels, and engage in oil transport when not otherwise involved in naval operations.

Ships in Class:
- Península Tres Montes
- Península de Taitao
- Península Muñoz Gamero
- Península de Brunswick
- Península de Tumbes
- Península de Arauco
- Península Exmouth
- Península Hardy

Oasis-class, Chilean Oil Tanker laid down 1935

Displacement:
9,039 t light; 9,302 t standard; 12,008 t normal; 14,172 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
534.46 ft / 530.00 ft x 68.00 ft x 23.00 ft (normal load)
162.90 m / 161.54 m x 20.73 m x 7.01 m

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines plus diesel motors,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 11,229 shp / 8,377 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 34,000nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,870 tons

Complement:
573 - 745

Cost:
£1.926 million / $7.705 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 21 tons, 0.2 %
Armour: 16 tons, 0.1 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 7 tons, 0.1 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 9 tons, 0.1 %
Machinery: 319 tons, 2.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,183 tons, 26.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,969 tons, 24.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 5,500 tons, 45.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
19,735 lbs / 8,952 Kg = 486.0 x 4.3 " / 110 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07
Metacentric height 3.2 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 15.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 48 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.01
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.60

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.507
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.79 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.02 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 33 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 29
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 25.32 ft / 7.72 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 16.12 ft / 4.91 m
- Mid (50 %): 16.12 ft / 4.91 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.12 ft / 4.91 m
- Stern: 16.12 ft / 4.91 m
- Average freeboard: 16.86 ft / 5.14 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 60.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 129.5 %
Waterplane Area: 24,167 Square feet or 2,245 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 190 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 88 lbs/sq ft or 430 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.01
- Longitudinal: 1.27
- Overall: 1.03
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Breakdown of Miscellaneous Weights:
N/A

Ships in Class:
- Quillagua
- Toconao
- Caspana
- Socaire
- Pica
- Azapa
- Pozo Almonte
- San Pedro de Atacama