While our own rules make it difficult for a small nation to build factories (and fairly easy for large ones to build them), it's reasonable to expect that some nations are going to have a much larger naval shipbuilding industry - which is the only thing our factories represent - than others.
A collaborative project is possible if the right partners exist - SATSUMA's COSINE is an example of this, although we devious Asian powers need to sort out how El Derretir is affecting our activity. I wouldn't count on SATSUMA helping Mexico - no real strategic benefit to it - but more friendly states like the USA or Atlantis are worth approaching.
There are a couple of ways we could consider tinkering with our economic rules:
1) Change the scale at which we divide our economies into "factories". A smaller "factory" would produce less material, but would take less material and time to construct, and it would pay itself off much sooner (that is, not the 20 years it takes currently).
For example, if we changed a factory from:
"A unit of industry costing 10 IP, that produces 1000 t or 0.1 IP per quarter"
to
"A unit of industry costing 5 IP that produces 500 t or 0.05 IP per quarter"
...then India would go from 11 to 22 factories, without actually changing its overall capability. What would change is that the allocation of factories between ship materials and infrastructure points could be fine-tuned. It would also mean that India could build its economy in many small steps rather than a few large leaps.
One could also scale at 1 to 4, 1 to 5, or 1 to 10 without the math getting complicated.
2) Re-define our infrastructure to cost "tonnes", rather than IP. Then convert the factories into a single economic capacity (India's 11 factories become a capacity of 11,000 t). Spend a ton to invest a ton in warship material or a ton in an infrastructure project. To expand the economy itself, for every 80 t you invest back into your economy, the economic capacity increases by 1 t the next quarter.
That 80:1 ratio, incidently, is consistent with the current math of Wesworld: A factory currently costs 10 IP = 80 factory-quarters of production if the factories are "dedicated"... = 8,000 t of warship material.
3) I suppose we could consider some formula that would allow heavily populated nations to generate a bit of IP from the scale of their civilian economies, provided we understand that this only creates IP and not warship materials. In that case, I could consider some formula where "X milion people = 0.1 IP", but we'd have to balance it out so that large countries don't benefit too much and small ones see at least an occasional point or two. Maybe something logarithmic.
Long post, I know, but it's lunch hour and the sidewalks outside are melting, so I need something else to do.